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Fruits and Nuts_
Ethnobotany
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anthocyanins | type of flavonoid (plant secondary compound) that are red, blue, or purple pigments that are found in a vacuole |
| Rosaceae | rose family |
| Spiroideae (subfamily) | capsules or follicles |
| Rosoideae (subfamily) | aggregate fruits (strawberry, raspberry, blackberry) |
| Maloideae | pomes (apples, pears, quince) |
| Amygdaloideae | drupes (cherries, peaches, plums) |
| Fragaria sp. | Strawberry (achenes) |
| circumboreal | floristic region of North America and Eurasia |
| Rubus sp. | Raspberry (no receptacle) and Blackberry (receptacle) (drupelets) |
| drupes | have a stony endocarp (pit) |
| Prunus sp. | plums, cherries, peaches, apricots, and almonds) |
| Almonds | not nuts |
| Malus sp. | Apple |
| rootstock | selected for root hardiness and pest resistance in grafting |
| scion | selected for fruit and stem qualities in grafting |
| Pyrus sp. | pear |
| sclerids - sclerenchyma cells | give the pear a gritty texture due to clusters of stone cells |
| Ericaceae | the blueberry family |
| Vaccinium sp. | blueberry (3 types), cranberry (2 types) |
| Vitaceae | grape family |
| Vitis sp. | grape |
| Olea sp. | olives - drupes |
| Juglans sp. | Walnuts |
| Carya sp. | Pecan and Hickory |
| Castanea sp. | Chestnut |
| Corylus avellana | Hazelnut |
| temperate nuts | high in calories, fats and proteins |
| Pistachia vera (Anacardiaceae - same family as poison ivy) | pistachio - not a nut (drupe) |
| Rutaceae | citrus family (lemon, lime, grapefruit, orange, kumquat) |
| Hesperidium | berry with a leathery rind |
| Citrus sinensis | sweet orange (three classes... blood, normal (Valencia), and navel) |
| Cucurbitaceae | squash family... pepo - modified berry with a leathery outside covering (from inferior ovary), seeds rich in sulfur containing amino acids |
| Solanaceae | nightshade family |
| Solanum esculentum | tomato (berry) |
| Capsicum sp. | capsicum peppers (berry) |
| Solanum melongena | eggplant (berry) |
| cocos nucifera (falm family) | coconut (drupe) |
| Ananas comosus (Bromeliaceae) | pineapple (multiple fruit) |
| parthenocarpic | fruit develop without fertilization |
| Musa sp. (Musaceae) | banana - berry (formed from inferior ovary through parthenocarpy) (high in carbs and potassium) |
| Punica granatum | Pomegranate (berry) |
| aril | surrounds pomegranate seeds |
| grenadine | sweet juice (with sugar added) made by pressing pomegranate seeds |
| Carica papaya | berry |
| papain | proteolytic enzyme from latex of fruit (used as meat tenderizer, digestive aid and chewing gum) |
| Macadamia integrifolia | macadamia nut (true nut) |
| Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae family - same as poison ivy) | cashew |
Created by:
Nicolekr
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