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anxiety disorders(P)
anxiety disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anxiety disorder incidence | most common psych illness, more common in women(2:1), family pattern of communication maintain perception and response to anxiety, greatly disproportionate |
| types of anxiety | panic disorder, phobias, specific, PTSD, OCD, GAD |
| 4 levels of anxiety | contagious, transferred through empathy. include mild, moderate, severe, and panic |
| mild anxiety | increases motivation, sharpens senses, learning is enhances. occurs in normal experiences of everyday life |
| moderate anxiety | perceptual field diminish, attention span decrease, need help with problem solving, details excluded from observations. can be constructive |
| severe anxiety | can only focus on one detail, severely limited attention, behavior aimed at relief of anxiety. hyperventilation can occur w/ impending doom or dread |
| panic | unable to focus on anything, misperception of environment is common, delusions or hallucinations, fear of dying or going insane, prolonged episode can lead to physical and/or emotional exhaustion |
| behavioral adaptation response | response that stabilize biological processes and preserve self-esteem. influenced by perception of situation, heredity/temperament, learned responses, support system, maturity |
| ego defense mechanism | anxiety is inevitable, developed to cope w/ anxiety, w/out defense may not survive, operate on unconscious level, can deny-falsify- reality to make less threatening, healthy or unhealthy |
| mature healthy defense | altruism(meet others needsa), sublimation(substitute acceptable acitvity), humor, suppression(deny) |
| neurotic intermediate defense | repression, displacement, isolation, reaction, formation, undoing, rationalization, intellectualization |
| immature defenses | passive aggressive, act out, dissociation, projection, devaluation |
| psychotic defenses | denial of external reality(autism), distortion of external reality(delusions, hallucinations) |
| panic disorder | sudden onset of extreme apprehension of fear, usually assoc. w/ feelings of impending doom. may believe losing mind or having H/A, unpredictable onset |
| panic disorder and agoraphobia S/S | SOB, palpitations, angina, choking, chills, hot flashes, smothering sensations |
| agoraphobia | excessive fear or anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult. same symptoms of panic disorder |
| specific phobias | fear of a single object, activity, or situation (snakes, closed spaces, flying) |
| OCD | thoughts, impulses, or images that persist and recur that they cannot be dismissed from the mind. severe if it consumes much of ones mental processed impairing cognitive tasks |
| compulsions | ritualistic behaviors that an individual feels driven to perform in an attempt to reduce anxiety. |
| GAD | excessive anxiety or worry about numerous things that lasts for 6 months or longer. decision making is hard because poor concentration and dread of making wrong decision |
| GAD symptoms | restlessness, fatigue, poor concentration, irritability, tension, and sleep disturbance |
| PTSD | re-experiencing a highly traumatic event. symptoms may being w/in 3 months after trauma |
| PTSD major features | flashbacks, avoidance of stimuli, general numbing, irritable, difficult concentrating, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle repsonse |
| psychopharm-psychobiology effects | work by I or D release of a neurotransmitter into the synapse space of by I or D the sensitivity of its receptor site. if meds can alter imbalance mood disorders can be decreased |
| alcohol detox | diminish cravings, revia and campral used. |
| alcohol deterrents | antabuse, prevents breakdown of ETHOL. if the drink with med causes flushing, weak, N,V, monitor use of foods and products with alcohol..will get sick |
| opioids advantages | help reduce illicit opioid use, helps stay in tx, can be used in office-based setting. |
| opioid agents | dolophine(methodone) class II, revia, suboxone |
| medication classes to treat anxiety disorders | benzodiazepines, buspirons, SSRI, SNRI, TCA, MAOIs, beta-blockers, anxiolytic drugs, |
| benzodiazpines meds | xanax, valium, ativan, serax, librium, tranexe. ST tx, dependence and tolerance develop NOT for OCD and PTSD |
| BuSpar | less sedation that benzos, no dependence, 3 or more weeks to be effective, works best when used before benzos, alleviates anxiety |
| SSRI | celexa,lexapro,prozac,luvox,paxil, zoloft. first line tx for all anxiety disorders |
| SNRI | cymbalta and effexor. acts within 1-2 weeks, effexor is approved for PD,GAD,SAD |
| TCAS | elavil,anafranil,norpramin,sinequan, tofranil,ludiomil,pamelor,surmontil, ascendin. 2nd or 3rd line use for PD,GAD,SAD,OCD |
| beta blockers | inderal and tenormin. relieve physical signs of anxiety- decrease HR and Panic. act by attaching to sensors that direct arousal messages. |
| anxiety | feeling of tension,nervousness, apprehension,of fear that usually involves unpleasant reaction |
| anxiety s/s | sweating, fast HR, rapid breathing, and elevated BP |
| anxiolytics | used to prevent feelings of tension or fear |
| sedatives | used to calm patients and can make them unaware of their environment |
| hypnotics | help patients fall asleep by causing sedation |
| minor tranqs | produce a state of tranquility in anxious patients |
| benzodiazepines | most frequently used anxiolytic , prevent anxiety w/out causing much assoc. sedation. less likely to cause physical dependence |
| benzo action | act in limbic system and RAS to make GABA more effective, causing interference w/ neuron firing |
| anxiolytic/hypnotic meds | BuSpar,benadryl,lunesta,ambien |
Created by:
gudknecht
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