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ETM Major Muscles

Overview of major muscles and functions for exercise to music

QuestionAnswer
What are the three types of muscles which can be found in the human body? Involuntary, voluntary and cardiac
Describe the characteristics of involuntary muscle. Examples of this type of muscle are in the respiratory system or the gastro intestinal tract. Also known as visceral or smooth muscle, involuntary muscles contract in response to nerve impulses or chemicals that circulate the body.
Describe the characteristics of voluntary muscle. This type of muscle is under our conscious control. Also known as striated, striped or skeletal muscle as it is attached to the skeleton.
Why is there a differentiation between involuntary muscle and cardiac muscle? Both are involuntary muscles, however have a different structure. Cardiac muscles contract when stimulated by electrical patterns.
What are the four main functions of muscles? producing movement, stabilising the body, storing and moving substances within the body (e.g gastrointestinal tract), generating heat (shivering, involuntary contractions of skeletal muscles)
Muscles can only perform their functions by contracting/pulling on the various bones to produce a change in the angle at a joint. How are the muscles attached to the bone? 1. Tendons 2. Fibrous tissue of other muscles (e.g. all the abdominal muscles attach to form an abdominal aponeurosis) 3. DIrectly onto the bone via the muscle fascia
What is the prime mover or agonist? It is the main muscle responsible for the movement (e.g. bicep in a bicep curl)
What is the muscle producing the opposite movement to the prime mover? Antagonist. The antagonist in a bicep curl would be your tricep which relaxes in order to allow the movement.
What does the fixator do? The fixator helps maintain a correct and stable position. In a bicep curl this would be the deltoid muscle, in the shoulder.
What is a synergist muscle? Muscles sometimes assist the prime mover and join in. In a bicep curl the synergist is the brachialis.
Created by: 508872840
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