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micro ch 2

chemical principles

QuestionAnswer
functional group specific group of atoms most commonly involved in chem rxns, resp. for most of char. chem. properties & many of phys. properties of a particular organic cmpd
condensation reaction remove hydrogen atom from one, hydroxyl group from the other to join two monomers
hydrolysis add water to break apart a molecule
isomers molecules with same chemical formula but different structure
ester linkage links glycerol with fatty acid in triglyceride
steroid four interconnected carbon rings
sterol -OH group attached to ring of steroid
stereoisomers two configurations of amino acids- D (right) and L (left). L-isomer found in proteins.
how are amino acids counted amino terminal to carboxy terminal
antigen foreign substance that stimulates immune system
what determines the charge on an amino acid? R group (side group)
what is the removal of hydrogen called? oxidation
what bond in a protein provides structure and strength? disulfide bond
what is the charge on a DNA molecule and why? negative due to the phosphate group
nucleic acid structure nitrogen-containing base pentose (5C) sugar- deoxyribose/ribose phosphate purine (2 ring)- A, G pyrimidine (1 ring)- T, C, U A-T, C-G / A-U in RNA
which amino acid can form disulfide bridges with itself? cysteine R-CH(2)-SH
where does the energy come from to replicate DNA? you can chop the two terminal phosphate groups off and trap the energy
what enzyme duplicates DNA, and how are the strands read? DNA polymerase reads leading strand continuously, lagging strand in chunks, because it can only read in one direction and DNA is anti-parallel.
cholesterol functions separate fatty acid chains, thus prevent the packing that would harden plasma membrane at low temperatures. not found in bacteria (except mycoplasma).
Created by: bethanysoo
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