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WHATISTHISIDONTEVEN
Cell Structure and Function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the 6 functions of cells | 1. basic unit of life 2. protection and support 3. movement 4. communication 5. Cell metabolism and energy release 6. inheritance |
| Organelles | specialized part of a cell performing one or more specific functions |
| Cell membranes | outermost part of a cell, surrounding and binding the rest o the cell contents |
| extracellular substance | outer substances of a cell |
| intracellular substance | inner substances of a cell |
| mosaic model | double layer of philosophipid molecules has a liquid quality |
| nucleus | the control center of a cell contains the chromosomes of the person inside its nucleolus |
| Nucleolus | site of ribosomal RNA and ribosomal protein synthesis |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) | Many ribosomes attached to the ER; site of protein synthesis |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum | site of lipid synthesis |
| Golgi Apparatus | modifies protein structure and packages proteins in secretory vesicles |
| Lysosomes | contains enzymes that digest material taken into the cell |
| Mitochondrion | site of aerobic respiration and the major site of ATP synthesis |
| Microtubeles | supports cytoplasm; assists in cell division and forms components of cilia and flagella |
| cilia | on cell surface with many on each cell; cilia move substances over surface of certain cells |
| flagella | on sperm cell surface with one per cell; propels the sperm cells |
| Microvilli | Small tiny-hair |
| Ribosomes | Organelles that aid in the help of protein synthesis |
| Cytoskeleton | Organelle of the cell that helps holds the organelles in place and gives the cell structure |
| What are four ways molecules can pass through the cell membrane? | diffusion, osmosis, carrier molecules, and vesicles. |
| Solution | a combination of both a solute and a solvent |
| solutes | the part of a solution that is being dissolved |
| solvent | the part of the solution this is dissolving the solute |
| Diffusion | the movement of molecules from a area of high concentration to a area of low concentration |
| concentration gradient | the difference between two different spots concentration of a certain molecule |
| Osmosis | the movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| osmotic pressure | the difference in solutes and solvents in a water based solution |
| Hyptonic | a equal amount of water inside and outside of a cell |
| Isotonic | a cell with too much water inside of it so it has to release some |
| hypertonic | a cell that doesn't have enough water so it has to absorb some |
| Facilitated Diffusion | a method of getting across the cell membrane by using the help of proteins |
| Active transport | method of molecules getting across the cell membrane with the use of ATP |
| Sodium Potassium exchange pump | a active transport that uses ATP and exchanges sodium and potassium based on the concentration within and outside of the cell |
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WHATISTHISIDONTEVEN
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