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ETM Joints
Joints for exercise to music qualification
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do synovial joints comprise of? | A joint capsule, synovial membrane, synovial fluid and articular cartilage |
| Ligaments attach...... to........ | bones to bones |
| Tendons attach....... to....... | muscles to bones |
| Which connective tissue lines the ends of bones and prevents them from rubbing against each other? | Cartilage |
| What are the three basic types of joints? | 1. Immovable (fibrous) joints e.g skull 2. Slightly movable (cartilaginous) joints e.g. connections between pubic bones (pubic symphysis) 3. Free movable (synovial joints) |
| List the 6 types of synovial joints. | 1. Gliding joint (carpals) 2. Hinge joint (elbow) 3. Pivot joint (radius and ulna allow rotation of forearm) 4. Condyloid joint (wrist) 5. Saddle joint (thumb) 6. Ball and socket joint (shoulder) |
| What is the benefit associated with ligaments and tendons to joints? | joint stability |
| To reduce the angle at the joint or to bend a limb, is described as.....? | flexion |
| What is the opposite of flexion? | extension |
| Elevation is? | to lift or raise a joint |
| What is the opposite of elevation? | depression |
| Adduction is? | to bring the limb towards or across the midline of the body |
| What is the opposite of Abduction? | adduction |
| To bend sideways with the trunk or neck, is? | lateral flexion |
| What is the opposite of lateral flexion? | lateral extension |
| What is horizontal flexion? | a forward movement in a horizontal plane |
| A backward movement in a horizontal plane e.g. swinging the arm away from the body is termed? | horizontal extension |
| Demonstrate pronation and supination with your palm | Palm down pronation, palm up supination |
| Plantarflexion is to...? | point the toes away from the body |
| What is the opposite of plantarflexion? | dorsiflexion, to pull the toes towards the body |
| Protraction and retraction of the shoulders is? | rounding shoulders forward, and pulling shoulders back |
| Opposite of posterior? | anterior |
| Which is more distal, the knee or hip? | the knee is more distal than the hip. Distal is the anatomical term to describe the relative distance of a body part from the trunk |
| What is more proximal, the toes or the knee? | the knee is more proximal than the toes... the knee is closer to the trunk |
| What is the anatomical term associated with muscles that are closer to the surface? | Superficial. The rectus abdominis is a superficial muscle as it's closer to the surface. |
| Anterior describes the front or back of the body? | Front |
| What is the opposite of posterior? | Anterior |
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