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Biology Vocab 2

list 2

QuestionAnswer
Solute Substance dissolved in a liquid
Solvent liquid in which substance is dissolved
Solution Liquid containing dissolved substances (solutes)
Aqueous solution Solution made with water (ex. Cytoplasm of a cell)
Cohesion Water molecules are attracted to other water molecules
Adhesion Water molecules are attracted to charged surfaces
Hydrophilic molecules Dissolve in water, usually charged or polar
Hydrophobic Can’t dissolve in water, nonpolar
Amphipathic Has one polar/charged end, and one nonpolar/hydrophobic end
Acid Releases H+ when dissolving in water (below 7 on ph scale), increases number of protons
Base Adds OH- ions in water, decreases H+ concentration, (above 7 on ph scale)
Organic compounds Have Carbon and Hydrogen, have covalent bonds, made by living organism
Inorganic Metals, lots of different elements, usually ionic bonds, found in environment
Macroelements CHONPS
Microelements Mg, K, Mn, Ca, Fe, Cu, usually cofactors
Dehydration Synthesis Connects subunits together to make a longer polymer by removing water
Hydrolysis Breaks down large polymer into subunits by adding water
Storage Polysaccharides Stored forms of energy in a cell
Alpha Glycosidic Bonds How storage sugars are connected (ex. Starch)
Beta Glycosidic Bonds How structural sugars are connected (ex. Chitin) Can’t break down.
Glycoproteins Proteins with sugars covalently attached to them
Peptide bonds What amino acids are connected by
Polypeptides Chain of amino acids (N terminus and C Terminus)
Van Der Waals Interactions Weak force as molecules get within a certain distance of one another, they’re attracted to each other
Denaturation When proteins come undone due to heat or chemicals
Enzymes Proteins that perform chemical reactions
Created by: cekazmer
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