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Chapter 3 part 1

cell structures and functions

QuestionAnswer
What are the 6 functions of cells? 1. Basic unit of life 2. Protection and Support 3. Movement 4. Communication 5. Cell metabolism and energy release 6. Inheritance
What are Organelles? "Little organs" within the cells that carry out the basic functions. Located between the cell membrane and nucleus in the cytoplasm.
What is the cell membrane/plasma membrane? The outermost component of the cell. Functions as a barrier between the extracellular substance (outside) and the intracellular substance (inside)
What is extracellular substance? Substances outside of the cell
What is intracellular substance? Substances inside of the cell
What is a Fluid Mosaic Model? Model used to show the structure and function of the cell membrane
What is the nucleus? Cell organelle that contains the hereditary information in the form of DNA The site where RNA is copied from DNA
What is the nucleolus? Place where ribosomes are made. Center of the Nucleus
What is the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)? The membraneous network inside the cytoplasm that has ribosomes attached to the surface.
What is the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)? The membraneous network inside the cytoplasm that does not have ribosomes attached.
What is the Golgi Apparatus? Stacks of flattened sacks, formed by membranes, that collect, modify, package, and distribute proteins and lipids.
What are Lysosomes? Membrane-bound vesicle containing intracellular digestive enzymes
What is Mitochondrion? Small, spherical, rod-shaped or thin filamentous structure in the cytoplasm that is a major site of ATP production.
What are Microtubules? Hollow structures formed from protein subunits that perform a variety of roles, such as helping to provide support to the cytoplasm, assists in the process of cell division.
What are Cilia? They project from the surface of cells, are capable of moving, and vary in number from none to thousands per cell. They move mucus away from the lungs.
What is the Flagella? There is usually only one per cell. It functions to propel cells.
What is the Microvilli? Specialized extensions of the cell membrane that are supported by microfillaments.
What are Ribosomes? Organelles where proteins are produced and synthesized
What is the Cytoskeleton? Consists of proteins that support the cell, hold organelles in place, and enable the cell to change shape.
Created by: trinalynn93
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