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Mr. Rasberry 8th Sci
Key Concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the smallest unit of all living things? | cell |
| jelly-like substance inside cell membrane | cytoplasm |
| contain no organelles -membrane bound structures | prokaryotic |
| cells containing organelles | eukarotic |
| controls all cell activities | nucleus |
| allows materials into and out of the cell | cell membrane |
| package and move substances out of the cell | golgi bodies |
| moves material around in the cell | endoplasmic reticulm |
| provides energy for cell activities- power house | mitochondria |
| makes proteins for the cell | ribosomes |
| recycles waste and unused food molecules | lysosome |
| storage place for cells | vacuole |
| green organelles that make food in plant cells | chloropast |
| offers protection for plant cells | cell wall |
| microscope that has one lense | simple microscope |
| a miroscope that has multiple lenses | compound microscope |
| has two eyepieces;creates three dimensional image | stereo microscope |
| most powrful microscope | electron microscope |
| 4x magnification | Low power objective |
| 40x magnification | High Power objective |
| supports the microscope | base |
| holds the slide in place on microscope | stage clips |
| make their homes in host cells | viruses |
| holds objective lenses and rotates to change magnification | revolving nosepiece |
| two word naming system for organisims; first word in the genus second word in the species | binomial nomenclature |
| theory that living things can only come from other living things | biogenesis |
| smallest unit of a living thing can perform the functions of life. Has an orderly structure and contains hereditary materials | cell |
| in a experiment,the standard to which the outcome of the text will be compared | control |
| a group of similar species | genus |
| reguation of an organisms internal;life-maintaining conditions despite changes in the enviroment | homeostasis |
| a prediction that can be tested | hypothesis |
| first and largest category in the scientific classification system of organisms;can be divided into smaller groups;phylum, class, order,family, genus, and species | kingdom |
| scientific statement about how things happen in nature that seems to be true all the time | law |
| any living thing; uses energy, is made of cells, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops | organism |
| evolutionary history of an organism; used by scientist to group organisms into kingdoms | phylogeny |
| problem-solving techniques used to investigate odservations that can be made about living and nonliving things; may include starting a problem, | scientific method |
| smallest particle that makes up matter | atom |
| possitively charged particle located in the nucleus | proton |
| a partcile with no charge located in the nucleus | neutron |
| negatively charged particle in the electron cloud | electron |
| anything that has mass and takes up space | matter |
| a substance made of only one type of atom | element |
| is a explanation of things or events based on scientific knowledge | scientific theory |
| holds matter together and can break it apart | energy |
| substances made of two or more elements | compounds |
| mixture in which two or more substances evenly mixed | solution |
| forms when a liquid or gas has another substance spread throughout | suspension |
| these contain carbon and hydrogen and/or usually assocated with living things | organic compounds |
| compounds that supply energy through cells | carbohydrates |
| compouds that store large amounts of energy | lipids |
| compounds that are the building blocks of many structures | proteins |
| protiens that regulate chemical reactions in cells | enzymes |
| made from elements other than carbon | inorganic compounds |
| allows some substances in and keeps some unwanted substances out | selectively permable |
| movement of substances without energy | passive transport |
| transport of a substances from the area of highest concentration to the area of lowest concentration | diffusion |
| is reached when the cocentration of a substance is equal thruoghout | equilibrium |
| requires energy to move substances into a cell | active transport |
| process in which substance enter cell by forcing a cell membrane to from around it | endocytosis |
| process in which a substance leaves a cell by forcing it's vacuole out of a cell | exocytosis |
| stored in foods, must be broken down into usable energy | chemical energy |
| breaks down chemical energy with the help of enzymes | chemical reactions |
| can break down molecules and join them together | enzymes |
| total of all chemical reactions in an organism | matabolism |
| organisms that make their own food | producers |
| organisms that rely on producers;can't make their own food | consumers |
| converts sunlight into chemical energy(sugar) | photosynthesis |
| used to capture sunlight | chlorophyll |
| green pigment in plants | chlorophyll |
| orgainisms, such as trees, fish, dogs, etc. | biotic |
| physical factors(nonliving) | abiotic |
| same species | population |
| population of different species | community |
| biotic and abiotic factors | ecosystem |
| most complex level of the enviroment and includes all of the ecosystem | biosphere |
| an organisms enviroment and surroundings | habbitat |
| an organisms way of life within an ecosystem | niche |
| 2 or more individuals compete for resouces like food, shelter, space, mates, water, and sunlight | competition |
| interactions between organisms that eat each other | predation |
| orgainism getting eaten | prey |
| organism eating | predator |
| close, long-term relationship between 2 or more species | symbiosis |
| when both organisms benefit | mutualism |
| when one organism is benefitted and the other is unaffected | commensalism |
| one organism is harmed and the other is benefitted | parasitism |
| consumer that eats plants | herbivore |
| consumer that eats animals | carnivore |
| consumer that eats both plants and animals | omnivore |
| consumer that feeds off dead animals | scavenger |
| feeds off of remains or dead animals after scavengers have eaten them | decomposers |
Created by:
aaron.rasberry
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