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A&P Skeletal System
Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Origin | Muscle's attachment to a stationary bone |
| Insertion | Attachment to the bone that moves when muscle contractions occur |
| body | Main part or muscle |
| Skeletal,voluntary muscle | Striped under microscope |
| Cardiac, involuntary muscle | Heart. Has uniques dark bands called intercalated disks which allow the heart to work as one unit |
| Smooth, involuntary muscle | Have single nucleus. Specialize in contractions like ureters or bladder |
| Synovial | Fluid, lubricant |
| Bursae | Small synovial lined sacs containing a small amount of synovial fluid |
| Thin myofilaments | Actin |
| Thick myofilaments | Myosin |
| Sacromere | Separated from each other by either Z lines or Z disks |
| Contraction of muscles requires? | A lot of ATP and Calcium |
| Muscle movement is? | As the muscle contracts it pulls the insertion bone closer to origin bone |
| Movement occur where in the body? | At the joint between origin and the insertion |
| Prime mover | Responsible for producing a given movement |
| Synergist | Muscle whose contractions is mainly to HELP the prime mover |
| Antagonist | Relax when Prime mover and synergist contract |
| Flew joint? | One will flex, one will extend |
| Posture | Tonic contraction |
| Tonic Contraction | Low strength muscle contraction |
| Lactic acid | Due to a lot of contraction of the muscles with not a lot of oxygen |
| Oxgen debt | burn off of extra lactic acid |
| Motor unit | muscles need to be stimulated by a nerve |
| Motor neurons | nerve that transmits an impulse to a muscle |
| Neuromuscular junction | special area of contact between a nerve ending and muscle fiber it innervates(start,meet), help respond a nerve impulse |
| Threshold stimulus | Minimum level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract |
| Once stimulated, muscle fibers will contract completely a response which is called? | All or none |
| Twitch | single contraction by a singe threshold |
| Tetanic | Bombard a muscle in rapid succession |
| Isotonic | Produce movement due to muscle length change. Muscle shortens insertion end of muscle to move toward muscle origin |
| Isometric | Muscle contraction that do not produce movement. Produce tension within muscle. |
| Strength training | Isometric, wright lifting=Increase in muscle mass |
| Endurance training | Aerobic exercise, increase number of blood vessels, blood vessels will deliver more oxygen |
| Orbicularis | kissing muscle |
| Zygomatic | Smiling |
| Muscles involved in chewing | Masseter and temporal |
| Sternocleidmastoid | Flexes the head |
| Trapezius | Elevate shoulder, extends head |
| Pectoralis major | Flexes upper arm |
| Deltoid | Abduct upper arm |
| Bicep brachii | Flex forearm |
| Rectus abdominis | Moves trunk, flexion of spinal column |
| Liopsoas | Flexes thigh |
| Gastrochnemius | Uses plantar flexion-toes are down |
| Anterior tibialis | Dorsiflex foot |
| Pronation | Palm down |
| Supination | Palm up |
Created by:
kpielechowski
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