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McC 8Ch22 Sun-Earth-
McC 8 Ch22 Sun-Earth-Moon System
| term | definition |
|---|---|
| axis | imaginary line around which the Earth spins |
| solar eclipse | occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow on Earth |
| Lunar Prospector | launched in 1998 by NASA to continue photographing the Moon and collecting data |
| maria | dark-colored, relatively flat regions of the Moon's surface formed when interior lava filled large basins |
| full moon | all of the Moon's surface that faces the Earth is lit up |
| summer soltice | occurs on June 21 or 22 in the northern hemisphere |
| sphere | round, three-dimensional object such as Earth |
| revolution | yearly orbit of Earth around the Sun |
| impact basins | created when meteorites or other objects strike the Moon |
| Earth rotates on its axis about every | day |
| waning crescent | phase of the moon that immediately precedes the new moon |
| waning gibbous | occurs after the full moon, a large portion of the Moon's surface is lit |
| magnetic north pole | a north pointing compass needle faces this |
| lunar eclipse | Earth is positioned between the Sun and the Moon casting a shadow on the Moon |
| solar eclipse | Moon is positioned between the Sun and the Earth casting a shadow on the Earth |
| penumbra | light-colored outer shadow on Earth's surface cast by the Moon during a solar eclipse |
| umbra | dark shadow on the Earth's surface cast by the Moon duing a solar eclipse |
| cause of lunar eclipse | Earth casts a shadow on the moon, occurs in full moon phase (sun-earth-moon) |
| cause of solar eclipse | moon casts a shadow on the Earth, occurs in new moon phase (sun-moon-earth) |
| Does the solar eclipse or the lunar eclipse have a larger umbra? Why? | Lunar - Earth larger than Moon and casts a larger shadow on the Moon than the Moon casts on the Earth during a solar eclipse |
| How does the Earth's tilt lead to seasonal changes? | hemishpere tilted toward the sun has higher temperatures(summer) than when it is tilted away(winter) |
| Plane of the Ecliptic | apparent path the sun travels in the sky, along which the planets orbit and the zodiac constellations are found |
| circumpolar constellations | constellations that appear to rotate around Polaris and never dip below the horizon |
| examples of circumpolar constellations | Draco, Cassiopeia, Cepheus, Ursa Major, Ursa Minor |
| Celestial Equator | the projection of the Earth's equator into space |
| location of the Celestial Equator & Plane of the Ecliptic during a Solstice | they are farthest apart during a solstice (sun is farthest away from the equator) |
| location of the Celestial Equator & Plane of the Ecliptic during an Eclipse | they intersect during an eclipse (sun is above the equator |
| Earth's Rotation | 24 hours, spin on axis, causes day and night |
| Earth's Revolution | 365.25 days, orbit around the Sun |
| asterism | a smaller star pattern within a constellation Ex. Big Dipper, Little Dipper |
| During which moon phase does a lunar eclipse occur? | Full Moon |
| How was the moon formed? | Impact Theory - large object struck Earth and material that was thrown off formed the moon |
Created by:
MCJH
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