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Sc#2011#4#Def
Science Topic 4 Definitions 2011
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chemistry | Scientific study of matter, its properties and its interaction with other matter and energy |
| Model | A representation of something based on a set of assumptions, usually determined through experiments |
| Charge | The net effect of losing or gaining atoms |
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element |
| Element | A substance made of only 1 type of atom |
| Molecule | A group of atoms joined by bonds |
| Compound | A group of different atoms that are joined in a fixed ratio |
| Periodic Table | The arrangement of elements into a table of groups and periods |
| Electron shells | The arrangement of electrons around the nucleus based on energy levels |
| Chemical formula | A shorthand way of writing the name of an element or compound |
| Word equation | Show the changes that occur in a chemical reaction |
| Chemical reaction | Interactions in which atoms exchange or share electrons forming new chemical compounds |
| Reactant | The chemical compounds that combine to start a chemical reaction |
| Products | The chemical compounds that are produced during a chemical reaction |
| Protons | Defining components of atom which are found in the nucleus and have a positive charge |
| Neutron | Particles with no charge in an atom which create different isotopes |
| Electron | Negatively charged components of an atom which orbit the neuclus |
| Ion | Charged atom due to a different amount of protons to electrons |
| Isotope | Atoms of element with different number of neutrons |
| Nucleus | Makes up 1/10,000 of space in atom |
| Chemical symbol | Unique 1-3 letters which name a chemical |
| Atomic number | Number of protons in 1 atom of element |
| Atomic weight | Average weight of 1 atom of element |
| Period | Row of elements |
| Mass number | Number of protons + number of neutrons |
| Electrolysis | Using electricity to cause a chemical change |
| Decomposition | Breakdown of compound into simpler substances |
| Ionic | Type of compound made from attraction of metal and non-metal ions |
| Covalent | Type of compound made from 2 non-metals that share electrons |
| Lattice | Large array of atoms or ions that repeats itself millions of times |
| Flame test | Where the colours of the flame are used to identify the types of atoms present |
| Equation | A written record of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction |
| Lime-water | Reagent used to test for presence of carbon dioxide |
| Limestone | Types of rock dissolved away by carbon dioxide gas dissolved in rainwater |
| Precipitate | An insoluble substance that forms when ions come together |
| Suspension | An insoluble substance shaken in water |
| Neutralisation | Reaction where an acid and a base react and destroy each other |
| Calcium carbonate | Chemical substance present in lime, limestone, caves, chalk and cement |
| Combustion | Burning |
| Combination | 2 elements combining to form a single compound |
Created by:
PCGEEK
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