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Biology Chapter 2 -
study from notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| proton charge | +1 |
| proton mass | 1 amu |
| neutron charge | zero |
| neutron mass | 1 amu |
| electron charge | -1 |
| electron mass | 0 amu |
| isotopes | same number of protons, different number of neutrons |
| number of protons is the same as... | ...is the same as the atomic number |
| radioactivity | isotopes are too heavy to be stable and they decay |
| number of electrons is the same as... (to be neutral) | number of protons is the same as... (to be neutral) |
| outer shell | valence shell |
| the number of electrons in the valence shell is the same as... | the Roman numeral above the element on the periodic chart |
| atoms are most stable | totally empty or totally full valence shell |
| atoms with 1, 2, or 3 electrons.... | lose their atoms |
| atoms with 7 electrons... | gain an atom |
| ionic bonds | atoms from opposite ends of the periodic chart tend to gain or lose electrons completely |
| cations | positively charged ions |
| anions | negatively charged ions |
| ionic solids | highly regular crystal structures (ex. salt) |
| covalent bonds | atoms which are not widely separated on the periodic chart can share with each other to "feel" 8 electrons in their outer shells |
| because atoms share electrons... | ...atoms are physically attached (covalent bonds) |
| water is (polar or non-polar) | polar |
| water dissolves most... | ...dissolves most ionic compounds |
| 7 | neutral |
| 6 and down | acidic |
| 8 and up | basic |
Created by:
chelsea_2010
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