The transfer of energy to an object causing the object to move.

Energy that is contained in molecules and released by chemical reactions.

Laws of Thermodynamics

Describe the quantity and the quantity off energy.

First Law of Thermodynamics

States that energy can neither be created nor destroyed by ordinary processes. Often called the law of conservation of energy.

A system in which neither energy nor matter could enter or leave.

Second Law of Thermodynamics

States that when energy is converted from one form to another, the amount of useful energy decreases.

The current increase in randomness, disorder, and less-useful energy.

A process that forms or breaks the chemical bonds that hold atoms together.

The "push" in energy in a chemical reaction.

Energy-carrier Molecules

High energy, unstable molecules that are synthesized at the site of an exergonic reaction capturing some of the released energy.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

The most common energy-carrier molecule in the body.

ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)

Relatively low-energy molecules.

An exergonic reaction provided the energy needed to drive an endergonic reaction.

Molecules that speed upthe rate of a reaction without themselves being used up or permanently altered.

Composed primarily of proteins.

Small nonprotein helper molecules.

The pocket in which substrates (active molecules) can enter.

The sum of all its myriad chemical reactions.

Competitive Inhibition

A substance that is not the enzyme's binds to the active site of the enzyme, competing with the substrate for the active site.

Noncompetitive Inhibition

A molecule binds to a noncompetitive inhibitor site on the enzyme that is distinct from the active site.

Allosteric Regulation

When activators and inhibitors bind reversibly to the regulatory sites of the enzyme.

Causes a metabolic pathway to stop producing its product when the product concentration reaches an optimal level.

Losing the exact three-dimensional structure required for it to function properly.

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Biology 150 Ch. 6

Key Terms for Ch. 6

Question	Answer
Energy	The capacity to do work.
Work	The transfer of energy to an object causing the object to move.
Chemical Energy	Energy that is contained in molecules and released by chemical reactions.
Potential Energy	Stored energy.
Kinetic Energy	Energy of movement.
Laws of Thermodynamics	Describe the quantity and the quantity off energy.
First Law of Thermodynamics	States that energy can neither be created nor destroyed by ordinary processes. Often called the law of conservation of energy.
Closed System	A system in which neither energy nor matter could enter or leave.
Second Law of Thermodynamics	States that when energy is converted from one form to another, the amount of useful energy decreases.
Entropy	The current increase in randomness, disorder, and less-useful energy.
Chemical Reaction	A process that forms or breaks the chemical bonds that hold atoms together.
Exergonic	"Energy out"
Endergonic	"Energy in"
Activation Energy	The "push" in energy in a chemical reaction.
Energy-carrier Molecules	High energy, unstable molecules that are synthesized at the site of an exergonic reaction capturing some of the released energy.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)	The most common energy-carrier molecule in the body.
ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)	Relatively low-energy molecules.
Coupled Reaction	An exergonic reaction provided the energy needed to drive an endergonic reaction.
Catalysts	Molecules that speed upthe rate of a reaction without themselves being used up or permanently altered.
Enzymes	Composed primarily of proteins.
Coenzymes	Small nonprotein helper molecules.
Active site	The pocket in which substrates (active molecules) can enter.
Metabolism	The sum of all its myriad chemical reactions.
Competitive Inhibition	A substance that is not the enzyme's binds to the active site of the enzyme, competing with the substrate for the active site.
Noncompetitive Inhibition	A molecule binds to a noncompetitive inhibitor site on the enzyme that is distinct from the active site.
Allosteric Regulation	When activators and inhibitors bind reversibly to the regulatory sites of the enzyme.
Feedback Inhibition	Causes a metabolic pathway to stop producing its product when the product concentration reaches an optimal level.
Denatured	Losing the exact three-dimensional structure required for it to function properly.

Created by: khlozer

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