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HS Biology Unit 4

Biology

QuestionAnswer
asexual reproduction the creation of a new cell or organism identical to the parent; does not involve the union of sex cells
centriole a cell part that organizes the web along which chromosomes move during cell division
chromosome a twisted and coiled strand of DNA within the nucleus that carries the codes for reproductive traits such as eye and hair color
cytoplasm a jellylike, living substance inside the cell membrane but outside the nucleus
daughter cell one of two new cells created when a parent cell divides through mitosis
DNA the strands of genetic material that determine traits of daughter cells (DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid)
egg the sex cell produced by the female
fertilization the union of a male sex cell (a sperm) and a female sex cell (an egg)
gene a unit of DNA that determines a specific hereditary trait in an organism; genes come in pairs
genetic refers to any trait or material that determines characteristics passed on from the parent(s) to the offspring
meiosis cell division that results in the formation of four sex cells, each of which has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
mitosis cell division in which two cells, with the same number of chromosomes identical to the parent, are produced from one cell
nuclear membrane a thin wall or covering (membrane) that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
nucleus the control center of the cells; that part of the cell that holds the chromosomes and DNA used for controlling all cell activities like reproduction, synthesis, and metabolism (pl. nuclei)
parent cell the original cell that produces new cells through mitosis or meiosis
protein a group of molecules used as both building materials for cell growth and as a control factor for cell behavior
reproduction the process through which organisms produce offspring; creation of a new individual
sexual reproduction the creation of a new organism through the union of an egg and a sperm
sperm the sex cell produced by the male
tetrad a group of four chromosomes that takes part in meiosis
Created by: 100001299906553
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