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CJChapter1

Chapter 1 Criminal Justice

QuestionAnswer
Media Portrayal Public perceptions of creim and its victims are based largely on media images which focus on atypical sensational incidents.
Gallup Poll on Crime Survey of representative sample of American public which found that crime surpassed education and economic issues as the most pressing local problem.
criminologists Those who study the causes of crime and the treatment of offenders.
Heart disease What is the most common cause of death?
vigilantism Seeking justice through lawless violence.
scapegoating Unfairly blaming an individual or group for crimes. (i.e. internment of Japanese Americans in WWII)
crimes forms of conduct that society prohibits in order to maintain order (formalized norms)
criminal law A code that categorizes all crimies and punishments by type.
felonies Serious crimes that are punishable by incarceration for more than one year. (MA a crime punishable by more than 2 1/2 year in a state prison. )
misdemeanors Less serious crimes that are punishable by one year or less. (MA A crime punishable by up to 2 1/2 years in a House of Correction)
violation A minor, usually civil, infraction that is only punishable by a fine.
criminalization A legislative decision to make a behavior a crime.
decriminalization The legislative decision to change a crime nto a noncriminal act.
legalization The legislative decision to make a criminal act legal.
victimless crimes Offenses in which the offinder and the victim are the same individual or in which the behavior is consensual.
criminal justice The managment of the police, courts and corrections and the study of the causes and treatement for crime.
due process The use of accuracy, fairness and reliability in criminal procedure to protect individual rights.
Norms Behaviors that are deemed acceptable in a given society.
Mores Behaviors which are serious breaches with societal norms.
Folkways Behaviors which are minor or less serious breaches with societal norms.
Sanctions The consequences a society prescribes for violation of societal norms.
Laws Formalized and codified violations of societal norms prescribed by legislative or governmental bodies.
Created by: mlwhittier
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