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CJChapter1
Chapter 1 Criminal Justice
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Media Portrayal | Public perceptions of creim and its victims are based largely on media images which focus on atypical sensational incidents. |
| Gallup Poll on Crime | Survey of representative sample of American public which found that crime surpassed education and economic issues as the most pressing local problem. |
| criminologists | Those who study the causes of crime and the treatment of offenders. |
| Heart disease | What is the most common cause of death? |
| vigilantism | Seeking justice through lawless violence. |
| scapegoating | Unfairly blaming an individual or group for crimes. (i.e. internment of Japanese Americans in WWII) |
| crimes | forms of conduct that society prohibits in order to maintain order (formalized norms) |
| criminal law | A code that categorizes all crimies and punishments by type. |
| felonies | Serious crimes that are punishable by incarceration for more than one year. (MA a crime punishable by more than 2 1/2 year in a state prison. ) |
| misdemeanors | Less serious crimes that are punishable by one year or less. (MA A crime punishable by up to 2 1/2 years in a House of Correction) |
| violation | A minor, usually civil, infraction that is only punishable by a fine. |
| criminalization | A legislative decision to make a behavior a crime. |
| decriminalization | The legislative decision to change a crime nto a noncriminal act. |
| legalization | The legislative decision to make a criminal act legal. |
| victimless crimes | Offenses in which the offinder and the victim are the same individual or in which the behavior is consensual. |
| criminal justice | The managment of the police, courts and corrections and the study of the causes and treatement for crime. |
| due process | The use of accuracy, fairness and reliability in criminal procedure to protect individual rights. |
| Norms | Behaviors that are deemed acceptable in a given society. |
| Mores | Behaviors which are serious breaches with societal norms. |
| Folkways | Behaviors which are minor or less serious breaches with societal norms. |
| Sanctions | The consequences a society prescribes for violation of societal norms. |
| Laws | Formalized and codified violations of societal norms prescribed by legislative or governmental bodies. |
Created by:
mlwhittier
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