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Biology Notes - CofL
Biology Honors - Chemistry of Life Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | A basic unit of matter that has no charge. Has protons (+), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (-). |
| Molecule | Group of the same atoms help together by a bond. Example - 02 Gas |
| 02 Gas | Oxygen |
| H2 | Hydrogen |
| Compound | A group of different atoms held together by a bond. Example - H20 |
| H2O | Water |
| NaCL | Sodium Chloride/Salt |
| Element | Substance consisting entirely of 1 type of atom, can not be broken down into another substance by chemical means, more than 100 known, 92 natural. Ex - C, H, O, N, Na, Cl |
| C | Carbon |
| H | Hydrogen |
| O | Oxygen |
| N | Nitrogen |
| Na | Sodium |
| Cl | Chlorine |
| Covalent Bond | Bond formed between atoms due to sharing of electrons. Example - CH4 |
| H2 Gas | Hydrogen Gas |
| CH4 | Methane |
| Ionic Bond | When an atom donates or receives an electron from another. Example - NaCl |
| Ion | When an atom donates an electron it becomes positively charged ion (Na). When an atom accepts an electron, it becomes negatively charged ion (Cl). Oppositely charged ions attract and form a bond (NaCl). |
| Hydrogen Bond | Weak chemical bond linking H2O molecules. |
| Van der Waal's Bond | Another type of weak bond. |
| Bonds in increasing order | Hydrogen, Covalent, Ionic |
| Compounds formed by Ionic Bonding | Have properties different from atoms they are made of. |
| Na(metal) + Cl (Gas) = | NaCl (salt) |
| Chlorine | Greenish poisonous gas used in World War (chemical warfare) |
| The Oxygen and Hydrogen in a water molecule have a | Strong comvalent bond |
| Two water molecules have a | Weak hydrogen bond than breaks when boiled |
| Inside a H2O Molecule you have a | Covalent bond |
| Between two H2O Molecules you have a | Hydrogen bond |
| Boiling water would break the | hydrogen bonds between water molecules producing water vapor. |
| The Covalent Bond inside water molecules can be broken by | Passing electric current through water called electrolysis of water (Lysis - to break) |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons |
| Atomic Mass | Number of protons and neutrons |
| You write the atomic structure by | Mass (P+N) X Number (P) |
| Carbon | 12/6 C |
| Isotope | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons but have the same number of protons |
Created by:
rachel.franzreb
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