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urinary system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| functional unit of kidney | nephron |
| what does renin regulate | BP |
| waste products are contained in the | renal artery |
| where are the kidneys located | t-12 and l-3 ; 11th and 12th rib |
| which kidney is slightly higher than the other-why | left is higher than the right because the liver is on the right |
| Extends into the medulla between the pyramids | the cortex |
| what are the points of the pyramids on the cortex called | renal papillae |
| what is the cortical tissue between the pyramids named | renal columns |
| what structure is located between the renal pelivs and the outer cortex | the medulla |
| composed of cone-shaped structures called.. | renal pyramids |
| the renal sinus houses the.. | renal pyramid |
| nerves and bl vessels pass into the renal sinus through the | hilus |
| the kidnesy collect urine in a section called the.. | pelvis |
| the pelvis and calyces empty urine into the | ureter |
| how many major calyces are there.. | 2-3 |
| how many minor calyces are there.. | several |
| what is the structure located at the distal end of the renal pyramids.. | renal papillae |
| this structure gives the medulla its striated appearance due to the collection of STRAIGHT TUBULES and bl vessels | renal pyramid |
| the POINT of the pyramids are the.. | renal papillae |
| the functional unit of the kidney includes the.. and the .. | renal corpuscle and the renal tubule |
| initial site of urine production is .. | the renal corpuscle |
| what two structures make up the renal corpuscle... | the glomerulus and the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule |
| tightly coiled capillary network surrounded by the Bowman's capsule | the glomerulus |
| a thin-walled,sac-like structure that surrounds the glomerulus, receives the glomerular filtrate and gives rise to the renal tubule | Bowman's capsule |
| LEADS AWAY from the BOWMAN'S CAPSULE; abundant with ATP | PCT |
| EXTENDS from the ascending limb to the collecting duct | DCT |
| straight segmentof the tubule, fromed from several DCTs, carries filtrate from the cortex to the minor calyx | collecting duct |
| how many mL of bl is filters a min | 1200mL |
| what is filtrate | plasma, minus the plasma proteins |
| most actie reabsportion; all glucose, AA; 70% of Na occurs here | PCT |
| active reabsorption of Na continues to occur in this structure | loop of henle |
| continued active transprot of Na, not water, unless under the influence of ADH | DCT and CD |
| process of moving substances into the tubular filtrate from the bloodin the peritubular capillaries is called | tubular secretion |
| active secretion of _ plays crucial role in maintaining the body's acid-base balance | H+ |
| the avg adult filters about _ mL per min in a 24 hr period | 125 |
| aldosterone is associated with the DCT or PCT | DCT |
| causes increased reabsorption of water in the DCT andn collecting ducts by making them permeable to water | ADH |
| how many liters of urine are made a day | 0.6-2.5 |
| the micturition reflex center is located in the | sacral spinal cord |
| which nervous system controls micturition | PNS |
| the desire to urinate is achieved when the volume reaches approx. _ mL | 150 |
| control of urination is aided by | the cerebral cortex and brain stem |
| portion of the extracellular fl,including fl within special caities is called | transcellular fl |
| GI, CSF, bladder urine, joint fl are examples of | transcellular fl |
| plasma makes up _ L of body fl | 3 |
| IF make us _ L of body fl | 12 |
| ICF makes up _ L of body fl | 25 |
| what are the two major fl compartments | IF and ICF |
| what are the 3 types of ECF | plasma, IF and TF |
| what is the internal enviornment of the body called | ECF |
| plasma is also known as | intravascular fl |
| IF has a _ relative osmotic pressure than plasma | lower |
| ECF becomes hypertonic and the result can be fl shifts from the cell toward the ECF | dehydration |
| signs and sypmtoms of water intoxication | abd cramps, lethargy, dizziness |
| tx for water intoxication | hypertonic salt solution |
| Signs and sypmtoms of edema | low plasma protein concentration; obstruction of lymp vessels, increased venous pressure, inflammation |
| most abundant extracellular cation,creates the majority of osmotic pressure in the ECF involving electrolytes, aldosterone | Na+ |
| most abundant cation in the ICF; indirectly controlled by aldosterone | K+ |
| most abundant on inthe boy; secondarily found inthe extracellular fl | CA++ |
| primarily an intracellular cation that is also found in bone | Mg++ |
| major most abundant ECF ion that can easily diffuse betweenn the ECF and IC compartments | Cl-- |
| predominantly and ECF anion; Acid-base balance | HCO3 |
| intracelluar electrolyte but found most abundantly in bones; lipids, proteins, cho, ATP | HPO4-2; phosphate |
| hyponatermia is caused by | prolong diphresis; vomiting. ADH secretrion, diarrhea |
| hyponatermia is characterized by | tachycardia, hypotonic ECF; headaches |
| caused by water deprivatrion or excessive consumption; hypertonicity of ECF; characterized by lab test | hypernaterima |
| caused by diuretics, excessive aldosterone secretions, high Na intake; characterized by cramps, increased UOP, ECG changes | hypokalemia |
| admin KCl for this condition | hypokalemia |
| caused by low aldosterone secretion, renal disease; characterized by possible heart fib, irritability/anxiety | hyperkalemia |
| admin kayexalate for this condition | hyperkalemia |
| stone, usually composed of mineral salts | calculus |
Created by:
hooah
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