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MedSurg II Test I

Endocrine System

QuestionAnswer
Where is the pituitary gland located? sella turnica of sphenoid bone
Which gland is considered the "master gland"? pituitary
The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland produces ____ hormones. six
Function of ACTH - stimulation of the adrenal cortex to secrete steroids
Function of GH - increases mitosis, cell size, and rate of protein synthesis
Hyposecretion of GH in children - dwarfism
Hyposecretion of GH in adults - Simmonds' disease
Hypersecretion of GH in children - gigantism
S/S of Simmonds' disease - lethargy, obesity, premature senility
Hypersecretion of GH in adults - acromegaly
Characteristics of acromegaly - enlarged bones of head, hands, and face
Function of TSH - stimulates thyroid to secrete T4
FSH and LH are classified as - gonadotropins
Function of FSH - stimulates maturation of ovarian follicle and sperm
Function of LH - stimulates corpus luteum development (ovulation) and testosterone synthesis
Function of prolactin (LTH) - promotes growth of breast tissue and milk production after delivery
Function of MSH - stimulates melanin skin pigment synthesis
The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland produces ____ and ____. ADH and oxytocin
Function of ADH - promotes water reabsorption by acting on kidney tubules
What effect does trauma have on ADH? increase; to retain fluid
What effect does alcohol have on ADH? decrease; resulting in diuresis
What effect does diabetes insipidus have on ADH? decrease; resulting in polyuria, polydipsia, and dehydration
Function of oxytocin - milk letdown and uterus contractions
Location of adrenal glands - above each kidney
Adrenal gland hormones are made of - cholesterol
_____ secretion from the anterior pituitary gland regulates adrenal gland secretion. ACTH
The cortex of the adrenal gland produces ____ steroids. 30+
Associate mineralcorticoids with - aldosterone
Function of aldosterone - retention of sodium and excretion of potassium increasing extracellular volume
Hypoadrenalism is known as - Addison's disease
Created by: allyson256
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