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Bio. Cell Structure

Woodward

QuestionAnswer
most cells are ___________ to be seen with the naked eye too small
cells were not discovered until after _________ were invented. microscopes
micro is... .000001
nano is... .00000001
light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of a specimen. light microscope
forms an image of a specimen using a beam of electrons electron microscope
2 types of microscopes are... scanning and transmission
the ability to make an image larger than its actual size. magnification
measure of the clarity of an object. resolution
magnification = eye piece X objective = magnification
up to 2000x magnification light microscope
up to 200000x magnification, can not be used to view living cells. electron microscope
all of this research led to the _________ cell theory
all living things are made up of ________ cells
cells are the basic units of _________ and function in organisms structure
all cells arise from _________ cells existing
why are cells usually small? surface area to volume ratio
outer boundary, that encloses cell and separates cell interior. cell membrane
jelly like cell interior cytoplasm
where proteins are made ribosomes
cellular blueprint DNA
single-celled organism lacking a nucleus, and other internal compartments (membrane bound organelles) prokaryote
what were the first organisms on earth? blue green algae
characteristics of bacteria (3) 1. circular dna, loose in cytoplasm 2. cell wall surrounding membrane 3. flagella
long, whip like structures used for movement flagella
cell that has a nucleus and internal compartments (organelles) eukaryote
internal compartment that houses a cells DNA (brain) nucleus
structure that carries out specific activities in that cell. organelle
short hair like structures used for movement cilia
separates cell from exterior plasma membrane
lets some stuff in. selectively permeable
the plasma membrane is and it is _________ not ________ fluid, rigid
the plasma membrane is made up mainly of __________ phospholipids
how many layers is a lipid bilayer? 2
phosphoplips tale to head parts are on the _________ and __________ of the cell inside, outisde
lipid bilayer allows for _______ _________ selective permeability
___________are also contained in the membrane proteins
control center of the cell, surrounded by double membrane called nuclear envelope nucleus
_____ is contained in the nucleus DNA
DNA is usually in twinn strands called ________ chromatin
when a cell is about to divide, DNA coils up into thick rods called ______ chromosomes
dark region in the nucleus in which ribosomes are assembled nucleolus
proteins that are being used inside the cell are made on the loose ____________ in the cytoplasm ribosomes
proteins that are being transported out of the cell are made on the ribosomes that are attached to the ___________ __________ endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
ER with ribosomes attached, helps transport proteins made by the attached ribosomes. rough er
small membrane - bound sac that transports substances in cells vesicle
ER with no ribosomes attached, makes lipids and breaks down toxic substances smooth er
set of flattened membrane - bbound sacs that serve as the packaging and distribution center of the cell. golgi apparatus
enzymes from the golgi identify __________ proteins
________ ________ first saw cells in 1665 Robert Hooke
named the cells becasue they looked like the tiny _______ monk lived in also called cells (first to see cells) rooms
Leevwenhoek Pond organisms 1675 (moving cells)
Schleiden all plants madae up of cells 1839
Virchow all cells come from pre existing cells 1858
Created by: aliciathi
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