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Acute Respiratory Dysfunction

QuestionAnswer
PaO2 PaO2 one of the best indicators of how much O2 is available to tissues and shows how effectively lungs are removing CO2
Atelectasis The closure or collapse of Alveoli
Atelectasis (Non functional alveoli) results from results from hypoventilation secondary to bronchial obstruction by: mucus plugs, excessive secretions, hemo/pneumothorax, pleural effusion.
Atelectasis S/S cough, low grade fever r/t infection/inflammation, tachycardia, dyspnea, tachypnea, cyanosis
Asthma Inflammation lead to obsruction, bronchial muscles and mucus glands swell,bronchospasms cause bonchoconstriction
asthma triggers are exercise, stress, emotional upsets, uri,sinusitis, medications, gerd, chronic exposure to pulmonary irritants (smoke, allergens, air pollutants, heat, cold)
Short acting/Rescue drugs for Asthma Albuterol (ProAir, Proventil) - acute tx of bronchospasms: inhalation:MDI( meter dose inhalant) 90 mcg/puff: 4-8 pullfs every 20 minutes up to 4 hours, then 1-4 hours as needed. Anticholinergics - bronchodilation, ipratropium (atrovent)
Long acting or Prevention Drugs Antihistamines (H1 Blockers), corticosteroids:antiinflmmatory, PO, MDI, Leukotriene inhibitors, LA B2 adrenergic agonists
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Disease characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible
COPD increases with age, historically has been divided into 2 major categories: Chronic bronchitis, and emphysema
Chronic bronchitis when the bronchi are inflamed, less air is bale to flow to and from the lungs and secretions build up, chronic inflammation eventually leads to scarring of the lining of the bronchial tubes. Chronic scarring and irritation leads to excessive mucus produc
Emphysema There is a slow process of destruction of the walls and elasticity of the alveoli
Emphysema Tachypena, decreases weight, chronic cough, sputum production, digiial clubbing, barrel chest, loose weight bc increase breathing, increase metabolism.
Created by: starr8904
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