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antmy/physio mtrnty

female/male reproductive systems

QuestionAnswer
ovaries produce female gametes (ovum) & sex hormones
fallopian tubes capture the ovum & allow it's trasfer to uterus
uterus implantation site for fertilized ovum
cervix connection between vagina & uterus, protective portal for body of uterus
scrotum protects testes & sperm by maintaining temperature lower than the body
testes serve as site for spermatogenesis, produce testosterone, produce male gametes and sex hormones
epididymis reservoir for maturing spermatazoa
vas deferans rapidly squeeze sperm from their storage site into urethra
ejaculatory duct passageway for semen & fluid secreted by seminal vesicles, with the epididymis & vas deferens it transports sperm out of the body
male urethra passageway for urine & semen
accessory glands produce secretions necessary for nutrition, survival & transport
seminal fluid provides favorable environment for mobility & metabolism, transports viable & mobile sperm
ischial spines serves as a reference point during labor to evaluate the descent of the feteal head
pubic arch (symphisis pubis) fetal head passes this arch during birth
false pelvis supports the weight of the enlarged uterus & directs the presenting fetus into true pelvis
true pelvis shape & size must be adequate for passage, fetus must change position to go through
pelvic cavity can effect length of labor
estrogen controls 2ndary sex characteristics, assists maturation of ovarian follicles, causes endometrial mucosa to proliferate following mestruation, causes uterus to inc in sz & wt, inc sensitivity to oxytocin, inhibits FSH, stim LH, inc cont in FT and uterus
prostaglandins necessary for follicular rupture
progesterone dec uterine motility/contractility, inc endometrial glycogen/art blood/water amino acids/secretory glands, vag epithelium proliferates, cervix secretes thick mucous, inc brease gland tissue, prepares for lactation
follicular phase of ovarian cycle primordial follicle matures under FSH & LH until ovulation occurs
luteal phase of ovulation ovum leaves the follice, corpus luteum develops under LH, corpus luteum prod high progesterone & low levels estrogen
uterine/mentrual cycle: menstrual phase day 1-5; shedding the endometrial lining d/t < progesterone which keeps it intact, low estrogen too
GNRH and it's relation to FSH & LH releases FSH & LH- FSH goes at slow frequency for estrogen & LH is fast for progesterone
one month cylce 10-20 primary follicle turn into secondary follicles, then there's 1 chosen graafian follicle which turns into the corpus luteum for 10 days then degenerates
types of estrogen estriole, estrone, estradiole (17-beta is most prod)
estrogen is produced by... granulosa cells, corpus luteum & placenta
progesterone is produced by... corpus luteum, placenta- NOT granulosa cells (the difference) until it turns into corpus luteum
uterine/mentrual cycle: proliferative phase day 5-14; enlargement of the endometrial glands under estrogen till (spiral arteries in case of a blasocyst), under estrogen till ovu, changes in cervical mucous peak @ ovulation, inc estrogen then neg feedbacks
what 2 things does estrogen do during mensrual cyscle? negative feedback FSH and builds endometrial lining
what causes ovulation At day 13, increased levels of estrogen reach threshold levels, endometrial lining is ready-- causes inc in rate in hypothalamus releasing massive LH (& some FSH)- releasing the secondary oocyte
uterine/mentrual cycle:secretory phase follows ovulation, influenced by progesterone, inc in vascularity in uterus for possible inplantation
uterine/mentrual cycle: ischemic phase dec levels estrogen, progesterone, degeneration of corpus luteum (corpus albicans), constriction of spiral arteries, escape of blood in stromal cells of endometrium
Created by: arsho
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