Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
TL Antiinfectives
Antiinfective drugs used in the treatment of respiratory ailments
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name three penicillins. | Procaine penicillin G (Wycillin), Benzathine penicillin (Bicillin L-A), Penicillin V (Pen Vee K) |
| What are the indications for Wycillin, Bicillin LA, and Pen Vee K? | used primarily for gram-positive infections |
| What adverse reactions should we watch for when our patient is taking Procaine penicillin G (Wycillin), Benzathine penicillin (Bicillin L-A), or Penicillin V (Pen Vee K) (AAPDGS)? | anaphylaxis, Allergic reaction, Phlebitis at IV site, Diarrhea, GI distress, Suprainfection |
| What nursing interventions address the possibility of allergic reaction to penicillin? | monitor for allergic reaction by observing client for 30 minutes after parenteral administration; be cautious of cross sensitivity (e.g. patients allergic to cephalosporin) |
| Discuss two drug interactions that the nurse should be aware of when her patient is taking penicillin. | Probenecid decreases renal excretion of penicillin increasing serum blood level. Penicillin interferes with contraceptive effectiveness. |
| What is probenecid used for? | Probenecid is used to treat chronic gout/gouty arthritis, and to prevent attacks related to gout; Not for treatment once they occur; also used to make certain antibiotics more effective by preventing the body from passing them in the urine |
| How does probenecid work? | It acts on the kidneys to help the body eliminate uric acid |
| Name four semisynthetic penicillins. | Oxacillin, Nafcillin, Cloxacillin, Dicloxacillin |
| What is the main use of semisynthetic penicillins? | Used mainly for gram positive infections |
| What adverse reactions might our patient have while taking a semisynthetic penicillin? | same as penicillin: Allergic reaction, Anaphylaxis, Phlebitis at IV site, Diarrhea, GI distress, Suprainfection |
| What symptoms would alert the nurse to the possible development of a suprainfection? | sore mouth, vaginal discharge, diarrhea, cough |
| Which clients cannot use semisynthetic penicillins? | those allergic to penicillin |
| Which clients should we be cautious about when administering semisynthetic penicillins? | Clients with history of allergic reaction to cephalosporins |
| Name some antipsuedomonal penicillins and broad spectrum combination penicillins. | ampicillin, ticarcillin +Clavulanate (Timetan), Piperacillin + Tazobactam (Zosyn), Ampicillin + Sulbactam (Urasyn) |
| Name some tetracyclines. | tetracycline HCl, Doxycycline (Vibramycin) |
| Name some things the client taking tetracycline should avoid. | Iron, milk, tums, exposure to sunlight |
| Why shouldn’t tetracycline be given to pregnant women or kids under eight? | causes yellow brown discoloration of the teeth and growth retardation |
| What drug interaction might a young female client want to know about if she’s taking tetracycline? | can interfere with oral contraceptive effectiveness |
| What are a couple of things the nurse should monitor for while her patient is being treated with tetracycline? | monitor IV site, monitor for suprainfections |
| Name three aminoglycocides. | Gentamicin, Tobramycin (Nebcin), Amikacin |
| What is the main use for amiNoglycocides? | treat gram negative infections |
| Name 3 adverse affects possible with aminoglycocides (amiNNOglycocides). | Neuromuscular blockade, Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity |
| What signs would alert the nurse to the possibility of ototoxicity from treatment with aminoglycocide? | headaches, dizziness, hearing loss, tinnitus |
| What should the nurse do about the possibility that aminoglycocides can harm kidneys? | monitor renal function: Bun/creatinine/I&O |
| Name some common cephalosporins. | Cephalexin (Keflex)1st generation, Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)3rd |
| What adverse reactions are possible with cephalosporins? | allergic reactions, Thrombophlebitis, GI distress, Superinfection |
| Name three carbapenems. | Imipenem (Primaxin), Meropenem (Merrem), Ertapenem (Ivanz) |
| Name a monobactam drug. | Azactam |
| What type of infections is Azactam useful for? | Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other resisitant organism; most effective against gram negatives |
| What does the nurse need to assess and monitor for the client receiving Azactam? | renal/hepatic function (especially in elderly), motor/sensory function, cardiac rhythm, monitor for diarrhea |
| What are the possible side effects of Azactam (PPCEHDH)? | Phlebitis, Pseudo-membranous colitis, CNS changes, EEG changes, Headache, Diplopia, Hypotension |
| Name 3 macrolides (mACERolides). | Clarithromycin (Biaxin), Azithromycin (Zithromax), ERythromycin |
| What are the indications for Clarithromycin (Biaxin)(Hint: ClaRIthromycin)? | URI – including strep; adjunct treatment for H. pylori |
| What are the indications for Zithromax? | gram negative/positive organisms |
| What adverse effects does the nurse watch for with macrolides like Azithromycin (Zithromax), Erythromycin, or clarithromycin (Biaxin)(PPSDD)? | Pseudo-membranous colitis, Phlebitis-(vesicant), Superinfections, Dizziness, Dyspnea |
| Define vesicant. | an agent that tends to cause blistering |
| Discuss the timing of the administration of PO Biaxin XL and Zithromax in relation to food. | Biaxin XL with food, Zithromax – empty stomach |
| What is the nursing responsibility if our patient develops abdominal cramping or diarrhea while on macrolide therapy? | Report it |
| Discuss administration of Biaxin and MAO inhibitors. | Stop MAO inhibitors for 14 days before macrolides and do not resume until after 14 days of discontinuing Biaxin therapy |
| What lab values are important for the patient taking a macrolide drug? | renal and liver function |
| Name 3 fluroquinolones. | Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), Levofloxacin (Levaquin), Gatifloxacin (Tequin) |
| What should the nurse know about the onset of fluroquinolones? | prompt onset |
| What does the nurse need to know about fluroquinolones in regards to maternity? | crosses placenta and enters breast milk, safety for kids not tested |
| What are the adverse effects associated with fluroquinolones? | can lower seizure threshold, Superinfections, CNS disturbances, Arroyos and cataracts –cipro, vesicant – cipro |
| What labs should be monitored for the patient on fluroquinolones? | liver, renal function, and blood counts |
| What is the drug of choice for anthrax? | Cipro – 6 months of treatment |
| What are the indications for fluroquinolones? | Highly toxic drug used only when absolutely necessary for Difficult to treat respiratory infections, UTIs, skin, joint, and bone infections; adjunct treatment of TB and AIDs |
| What kind of drug is Clindamycin (Cleocin)? | Lincosomide |
| What are the indications for Clindamycin (Cleocin)? | PCP in AIDs, severe infections resistant to penicillin/cephalosporin, for penicillin/erythromycin sensitive clients |
| What are the adverse reactions associated with Clindamycin (Cleocin) (PAS)? | Pseudo-membranous colitis, Agranulocytosis, Superinfections |
| What is the nurse’s responsibility if the patient taking Clindamycin (Cleocin) develops diarrhea? | Report it – possible superinfection |
| What labs should be monitored for the client on Clindamycin (Cleocin)? | Liver/Renal/ Blood Counts |
| What type of drug is Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)? | Streptogramin |
| What is the indication for Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)? | Life-threatening VRE |
| What are the adverse reactions associated with Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)? | Athralgia, myalgia, severe vesicant, pseudo-membranous colitis, N/V, Diarrhea, Rash, Pruritis |
| The nurse should be aware that Quinupristin/dalfopristin is incompatible with BLANK and BLANK. | heparin and any saline solution |
| What drugs interact with Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid)? | Many drug - drug interactions |
| What lab value is the nurse especially watchful of when the patient is taking Synercid? | total bilirubin |
| Name a oxazolidinone antibiotic. | Zyvox |
| What are the indications for Zyvox? | Life-threatening VRE and MRSA |
| What adverse reactions are associated with Zyvox (GHPPS)? | GI disturbances, Headache, Pancytopenia, Pseudomembranous colitis, Suprainfections |
| What labs should be monitored for the patient taking Zyvox? | Renal/Liver/Blood counts |
| Zyvox may exacerbate what condition especially under what conditions? | hypertension especially with foods containing tyramine |
| What is the nurse’s responsibility if the patient on Zyvox develops diarrhea? | Report it – possible superinfection |
| Define pseudo-membranous colitis. | antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD); an infection of the colon often caused by the bacterium Clostridium difficile. |
Created by:
Perseverandovercome
Popular Nursing sets