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MicroBiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Actin | structural microfilaments; composed of F actin |
| F actin | G actins polymerized into a double helix |
| G actin | monomeric actin subunits |
| Spectrin | actin crosslinking protein that forms networks in erythrocytes |
| Dystrophin | actin crosslinking protein that forms networks in striated muscle |
| Myosin | a structural microfilament as well as motor protein for actin |
| Actomyosin | actin and myosin associated with each other |
| stress fibers | bundles of actomyosin anchored to the basal surface of fibroblasts which are themselves attached to the substratum. These fibers produce tension across a cell layer. |
| Tau and MAP's | microtubular crossslinking proteins that form a network |
| Dynein | a microtubule motor proteins for flagella, cillia, axons and kinetochores |
| Keratin | a major intermediate filament of epithilial cells |
| Intermediate filaments | structural components of the cytoskeleton; intermediate filarments are complexes composed of proteins that have similar alpha helical cores, but distinctive terminal domains |
| nuclear lamins | intermediate filaments supporting the nuclear membrane |
| collagens | ECM fibers that resist stretching; composed of 3 helices coiled around each other in a triple helix |
| elastin | stretchable ECM fibers that provide pliability |
| Fibrillin | glycoprotein microfibrils that provide scaffolding for elastin fibers |
| Glycosaminoglycans | polysaccharides of ECM composed of disaccharide repeats of modified sugars |
| hyaluronans | large glycosaminoglycan that exist free in ECM; hydration spheres that swell to provide tugor to tissues by resisting compression |
| proteoplycans | ECM components; composed of core protein attached to one or more glycosaminoglycans. Anchor cells to basal lamina and can serve regulatory rolls like heparin |
| heparin | regulatory proteoglycan that controls inflammation |
| lamanin | ECM crosslinking protein forming networks in the basal lamina |
| fibronectin | ECM crosslinking with multiple binding domains for different factors ( heparin, collagen, integrin) |
| Integrin | transmemebrane proteins for hemidesmosomes and adhesion plaques. Bound by adadptor proteins on cytoplasmic side of membrane |
| cadherins | family of calcium dependent transmembrane proteins that tie similar cells together; used in belt desmosomes |
| Spot Desmosomes | isolated "spot welds" joining intermediate filaments cytoskeletons of two cells at their lateral surfaces |
| Hemidesmosomes | structures that nachor the intermediate filament cytoskeleton of an epithlial cell to basal lamina |
| Membrane-microfilament binding proteins | membrane associated proteins that anchor the microfilament skeleton to plasma membrane by binding actin crosslinking proteins |
| Zonula Occludens | thin bands of membranes around the apical perimeter of epithlial cells; Seal cells to prevent diffusion of molecules across the epithlium |
| Zonula Addherens | rows of structures anchoring actin microfilaments to the apical surface of epithlial cells |
| Circumferential belt | microfilament bundles that encircle the apical perimeter of epithlial cells at the level of belt desmosomes |
| Gap Junctions | transmembrane complexes that allow diffusion of small molecules between cells |
| Mitosis | somatic cell division so each daughter cells receives complete set of genes |
| Meiosis | germ cell line division; reducing genomes in half |
| Interphase | all periods of the cell cycle except meiosis or mitosis |
| G1 phase | the period following mitosis or meiosis with no DNA replication |
| G0 phase | an arrested g1 phase. Cells which cease to divide are usually in permanent g0 phase |
| s phase | the period of DNA replication |
| g2 phase | the period between completion of DNA replication and onset of mitosis/meiosis |
Created by:
skung
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