Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Lab Final AP2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Explain why the lymphatic system is a one-way system, whereas the blood vascular system is a two-way system. | Blood vessels form a complete circuit from and to the heart. The lymphatic system lacks arteries and begins with blind-ended lymph capillaries. Thus, it is a "return" system only. |
| What name is given to the terminal duct draining most of the body? | thoracic duct |
| Which portion of the body is drained by the right lymphatic duct? | Right half of upper torso and head; right arm. |
| Note three areas where lymph nodes are densely clustered. | |
| Mesentery structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall | |
| Villi fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for absorption | |
| Peyer's patches large collections of lymphoid tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine | |
| Circular folds deep folds of the mucosa and submucosa that extend completely or partially around the circumference of the small intestine | |
| Oral cavity, Appendix Regions that break down foodstuffs mechanically | |
| Tongue Mobile organ that manipulates food in the mouth and initiates swallowing | |
| Pharynx conduit for both air and food | |
| Greater Omentum, Lesser Omentum, Mesentery Three structures continuous with and representing modifications of the peritoneum | |
| Esophagus The "gullet"; no digestive/absorptive function | |
| Rugae Folds of the gastric mucosa | |
| Haustra Sacculations of the large intestine | |
| Microvilli Projections of the plasma membrane of a mucosal epithelial cell | |
| Ileocecal valve Valve at the junction of the small and large intestines | |
| Small Intestine Primary region of food and water absorption | |
| Frenulum Membrane securing the tongue to the floor of the mouth | |
| Large Intestine Absorbs water and forms feces | |
| Vestibule Area between the teeth and lips/cheeks | |
| Appendix Wormlike sac that outpockets from the cecum | |
| Stomach Initiates protein digestion | |
| Lesser Omentum Structure attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach | |
| Small Intestine Organ distal to the stomach | |
| Pyloric Valve Valve controlling food movement from the stomach into the duodenum | |
| Soft Palate Posterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity | |
| Small Intestine Location of the hepatopancreatic sphincter through which pancreatic secretions and bile pass | |
| Parietal Peritoneum Serous lining of the abdominal cavity wall | |
| Large Intestine Principal site for the synthesis of vitamin K by microorganisms | |
| Anus region containing two sphincters through which feces are expelled from the body | |
| Hard Palate Bone supported anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity | |
| Catalyst Increase the rate of a chemical reaction without becoming part of the product | |
| Control Provides a standard of comparison for test results | |
| Enzyme Biologic; catalyst; protein in nature | |
| Substrate Substance on which a catalyst works | |
| end product monomers that are absorbable nutrients | |
| Enzyme A biological catalyst | |
| Substrate the molecule acted on by an enzyme | |
| Absorption Process that happens to nutrients after digestion | |
| Pancreatic Lipase Enzyme that hydrolzes lipid in pancreas | |
| pepsin Enzyme that hydrolyzes protein in gastric glands | |
| salivary Amylase Enzyme that hyrolyzes starch in salivary glands | |
| Product The molecule produced as a result of an enzymatic process | |
| Amino Acid Proteins are hydrolyzed into and absorbed as | |
| Monosaccharides Carbohydrates are hydrolyzed into and absorbed as | |
| Mouth Carbohydrate digestion begins in the | |
| Small Intestine Lipid digestion begins in the | |
| Stomach Protein digestion begins in the | |
| Buccal Phase Tongue collects food compacts it and pushes it back to the oropharynx | |
| Pharyngeal-Esophageal Phase 3 actions block food and drink from reentering mouth or nasal cavity or larynx | |
| Peristalsis Wave of muscular contraction that pushes food bolus ahead of it down the esophagus | |
| Digestion Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into form usable by the body | |
| Chemical Digestion Series of hydrolysis reactions that break dietary macromolecules into monomer carried by digestive enzymes secreted by the salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine | |
| Absorption Uptake of nutrient molecules into the epithelial cells of the digestive tract and then into the blood or lymph | |
| defecation The elimination of undigested residue | |
| Lower esophageal sphincter Thickening of smooth muscle layer at esophagus/stomach junction and controls food passage into stomach | |
| Chyme Soupy mixture | |
| alkaline Optimal pH where pancreatic Lipase works best | |
| neutral Optimal pH where salivary amylase works best | |
| acidic Optimal pH where pepsin works best | |
| fats fatty acids and monoglycerides are the end products of... | |
| BAPNA used to test for protein hydrolysis, which was indicated by a yellow color | |
| IKI ( Lugol's solution) used to test for the presence of starch, which was indicated by a blue-black color | |
| pH meter used to test for the presence of fatty acids | |
| Benedict's solution used to test for the presence of maltose, which was | |
| indicated by a blue to green ( or rust) color change | |
| active transport/cotransport monosaccharides-mechanism of absorption & area into which | |
| it is absorbed. | |
| diffusion fatty acids & glycerol-mechanism of absorption & area into which | |
| it is absorbed. | |
| active transport/cotransport amino acids-mechanism of absorption & area into which | |
| it is absorbed. | |
| blood capillaries monosaccharides -Area into which it is absorbed | |
| lymph capillaries ( lacteals) fatty acids & glycerol-Area into which it is absorbed | |
| blood capillaries amino acids-Area into which it is absorbed | |
| Hydrolases are enzymes and are found in the digestive system | |
| false true/false: enzymes can increase the rate of chemical reactions but break up upon completion of the reaction | |
| denaturation When the 3-dimensional structure of a protein is changed | |
| digest the starch in it and cause the bread to taste sweet Chewing a piece of bread for 5 to 6 minutes will: | |
| boiling In the simulated experiments, the enzymes were made to be totally inactive by the following factor/s: | |
| acidic People on a strict diet to lose weight begin to metabolize stored fats at an accelerated rate. This would cause the blood pH to become | |
| shows that the sample had both starch & maltose & that the hydrolysis of the starch was incomplete experimental sample that gives both positive starch & a positive maltose test | |
| 37 ° C The optimal incubation temperature for the enzymes is: | |
| very little there was ______ starch digestion with pH 2 & 9 | |
| cannot, can Salivary amylase _______ cellulose. Bacteria ________ cellulose. | |
| false true or false: BAPNA is a yellow solution | |
| decreases........increases The pH of a fatty solution ______ as enzymatic hydrolysis by lipase_________. | |
| decreases.........increase Bile ________ the surface area of fat molecules to _______ the efficiency of hydrolysis. | |
| no is bile an enzyme? | |
| buccal & pharyngeal-esophageal Swallowing occurs in two phases: the ._________ and .____________. | |
| peristalsis It is possible to swallow water while standing on your | |
| head because the water is carried along the esophagus involuntarily by the process of | |
| gastroesophageal The pressure exerted | |
| by the foodstuffs on the 54.________ sphincter causes it to open, allowing the food to enter the stomach. | |
| segmentation acts to continually mix the foods and to increase the absorption rate by moving | |
| different parts of the chime mass over the intestinal mucosa, but it has less of a role in moving foods along the digestive | |
| tract. | |
| gastrointestinal tract ( GIT) alimentary canal digestive system The tubelike digestive system that extends from the mouth to anus | |
| stratified squamous The epithelium of the esophagus is: | |
| simple columnar The epithelium of the stomach is: | |
| the illium the large intestines does not include | |
| rectum the colon does not include | |
| bile duct hepatic artery | |
| hepatic portal vein 3 structures found in the portal triad of the liver are the branches of the: | |
| the milk teeth | |
| the teeth found in children usually up to 12 yrs. old deciduous teeth" refers to : | |
| lower central incisor The first teeth that usually erupts in a baby is the | |
| 3rd molar The "wisdom teeth" are the: | |
| parotid gland Which of the salivary glands produce/s a secretion that is mostly serous | |
| false the dust of the gallbladder is called the bile duct True or False? | |
| It has more than 2 different layers. & it has an additional obliquely oriented layer. What makes the muscularis externa of the stomach | |
| different from the rest of the intestinal tract? | |
| clinical crown visible part of the tooth in situ | |
| cementum material covering the tooth root | |
| enamel hardest substance in the body | |
| periodontal ligament attaches the tooth to bone & surrounding alveolar structures | |
| root part of tooth embedded in bone | |
| dentin forms the major part of tooth structure, similar to bone | |
| odontoblast .produces the dentin | |
| pulp site of blood vessels, nerves & lymphatics | |
| anatomical crown entire portion of tooth covered w/enamel | |
| duodenal glands . produce/s mucus; found in the submucosa of the small intestine | |
| salivary glands produce/s a product containing amylase that begins starch digestion in mouth | |
| pancreas produce/s a whole spectrum of enzymes & an alkaline fluid that is secreted into the duodenum | |
| liver produce/s bile that it secretes into the duodenum via the bile duct | |
| gastric glands produce/s HCl & pepsinogen | |
| intestinal cysts found in the mucosa of the small intestine; produce/s intestinal juice | |
| sinusoids blood-filled spaces | |
| Kupffer cells special phagocytic cells | |
| liver parenchymal cells pick up oxygen & nutrients | |
| liver parenchymal cells makes the bile | |
| portal arteriole ( branch of hepatic artery) functional blood supply of the liver (supplies the oxygen & nutrients for its cells) | |
| portal venule (branch of hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs | |
| falciform ligament suspends the liver from the diaphragm | |
| and anterior abdominal wall | |
| bile digestive product of the liver | |
| common hepatic ducts duct from the liver lobes | |
| bile duct duct from the liver as it enters the duodenum |
Created by:
geetu
Popular Biology sets