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CV System extra word
Medical Terms for the Cardiovascular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atria | upper chambers of the heart |
| Ventricles | lower chambers of the heart |
| Interventricular septum | separation between the ventricles |
| Cardiac apex | narrow tip of the heart |
| Tricuspid valve | controls the flow of blood on right side |
| Pulmonary semi-lunar valve | between right ventricle/artery |
| Mitral valve | controls the flow of blood on left |
| Bicuspid valve | same as mitral valve |
| Aortic semi-lunar valve | between left ventricle/aorta |
| Systemic circulation | flow to all parts of body except lungs |
| Pulmonary circulation | flow of blood between heart and lungs |
| Sinoatrial node | pacemaker of heart |
| Atrioventricular node | on floor of atrium. Relays to bundle of His |
| Bundle of His | carry impulses to ventricles and Perkinge fibers |
| Perking fibers | force blood into aorta and pulmonary arteries |
| P wave | contraction of atria |
| QRS complex | contraction of ventricles |
| T wave | relaxation of ventricles |
| Lumen | opening within vessels |
| Aorta | largest artery |
| Coronary arteries | deliver blood to myocardium |
| Arterioles | smaller, thinner branches of arteries |
| Capillaries | smallest vessels in body that are one cell thick |
| Venules | smaller veins |
| Superficial veins | closer to body surface |
| Deep veins | veins away from surface |
| Venae cavae | two large veins that return blood to heart |
| Superior vena cava | returns blood from upper portion of body |
| Inferior vena cava | returns blood from lower portion of body |
| Pulse | rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery due to heart contraction |
| Blood pressure | pressure exerted against walls of artery |
| Systolic bold pressure | pressure when the ventricles contract |
| Diastolic pressure | pressure when the ventricles are relaxed |
| Plasma | straw colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, waste, water |
| Fibrinogen | clotting protein |
| Prothrombin | clotting protein |
| Serum | plasma without clotting proteins |
| Blood corpuscles | blood cells |
| Hemoglobin-iron | containing pigment of erythrocyte |
| Neutrophil | leukocyte that fights infection |
| Basophil | leukocyte responsible for allergy symptoms |
| Eosinophil | leukocyte that destroys parasites and has role in allergic reactions |
| Monocytes | leukocyte helps to prevent disease |
| Platelets | thrombocyte |
| Rh factor | antigen or absence of it on erythrocyte |
| Blood gases | gases dissolved in blood-oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide |
| Coronary Artery Disease | atherosclerosis of coronary arteries |
| Plaque | fatty deposit |
| Ischemic Heart Disease | disabilities resulting from insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to heart |
| Ischemic | pertaining to disruption of blood supply |
| Angina Pectoris | angina due to inadequate blood supply |
| Myocardial Infarction | heart attack |
| Congestive Heart Failure | heart unable to pump enough blood |
| Valvular prolapse | protrusion of valve, which does not allow it to close |
| Stenosis | abnormal narrowing of opening of valve; valve affected is listed first |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | change in rhythm of heart |
| Dysrhythmia | change in rhythm of heart |
| Fibrillation | rapid, random, quivering of heart contractions |
| Palpitation | racing or pounding of heart |
| Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia | rapid heart beat that starts in atrium |
| Atrial fibrillation | rapid, irregular twitching of atrium |
| Ventricular fibrillation | rapid, irregular twitching of ventricles |
| Hypoperfusion | deficiency of blood going through organ |
| Peripheral vascular disease | narrowing of blood vessels to arms and legs |
| Aneurysm | balloon-like enlargement of vessel |
| Raynaud’s phenomenon | intermittent attacks of arterial contractions due to cold or emotion |
| Varicose veins | abnormally swollen veins |
| Deep vein thrombosis | thrombus in wall of deep vein |
| Septicemia | blood poisoning |
| Cholesterol | waxy fat like substance that travels in lipoprotein |
| Low-density lipoprotein | bad cholesterol |
| High-density lipoprotein | good cholesterol |
| Triglycerides | combinations of fatty acids |
| Hemocysteine | amino acid that if elevated can damage arterial walls |
| Myelodysplastic syndrome | preleukemia |
| Iron-deficiency leukemia | decrease in RBC due to inadequate iron |
| Megaloblastic anemia | RBC’s larger than normal due to inadequate folic acid |
| Pernicious anemia | autoimmune disease with abnormal RBC’s |
| Pernicious | destructive, fatal, harmful |
| Sickle cell anemia | abnormal hemoglobin |
| Thalassemia | decreased or absent production of hemoglobin |
| Essential hypertension | no known cause for hypertension |
| Secondary hypertension | medical problem reason for hypertension |
| Malignant hypertension | sudden onset of sever hypertension that can cause damage to organs |
| Hypotension | lower than normal blood pressure |
| Orthostatic hypotension | low blood pressure when standing |
| Cardiac catheterization | procedure where catheter is passed into vessel into the heart |
| Coronary calcium screening | note calcium deposits |
| Holter monitor | portable electrocardiograph |
| Stress test | electrocardiograph used to check heart after exercise |
| Thallium stress test | use of radioactive material added to stress test |
| Antihypertensive drug | lowers blood pressure |
| ACE inhibitors | interferes with renin which causes heart muscles to contract |
| Beta-blockers | slow heart beat, reduce blood pressure |
| Calcium channel blockers | reduce the contraction of muscles that squeeze blood vessels |
| Diuretics | increase urine production |
| Statins | combat high cholesterol levels |
| Digoxin | slows heart |
| Nitroglycerine | vasodilator |
| Anticoagulant | slows clotting |
| Antiarrhythmic | controls irregular heartbeat |
| Tissue plasminogen activator | dissolves damaging clots |
| Vasoconstrictor | narrows the blood vessels |
| Vasodilator | expands the blood vessels |
| Balloon angioplasty | plaque flattened against arterial wall |
| Stent | wire tube to prevent stenosis of artery |
| Coronary artery bypass graft | piece of vein implanted on heart to replace blocked one |
| Buttonhole bypass | fiber optic cameras used |
| Defibrillation | electric shock administered |
| Automated external defibrillator | AED; restores heart rhythm |
| Pacemaker | electronic device to pace heart prn |
| Implantable cardioverter defibrillator | regulates heart beat and defibrillates |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | procedure for life support |
| Plasmapheresis | removal of blood and reinfusion in plasma substitute |
Created by:
msmm
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