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Trauma-Midlands EMS

QuestionAnswer
_____ emergencies are a result of physical forces applied to the body. Trauma
The way in which taumatic injuries occur in called the _______ ___ ______. Mechanism of Injury (MOI)
The _____ __ _______ is your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries. Index of Suspision
Force acting over distance is ____ Work.
_____ = Mass X velocity Kinetic energy.
Energy cannot be _____ or _____. Created or destroyed.
_____ _____ is the product of mass, force of gravity, and height. Falling objects. Potential energy.
Blunt trauma is...? Force to the body causing injury without penetrating soft tissue, internal organs, or cavities .
Penetrating trauma is...? Injury to the body by objects that pierce or penetrate the surface of the body, causing damage to the soft tissue, internal organs, and body cavity.
The three collisions in a typical impact are...? 1) Car against car/tree/other object. 2) Passenger against interior of car. 3) Passenger's internal organs against solid structures of the body.
Coup-contracoup brain injury Compression injury to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching of the posterior portion.
Significant MOI's include what findings? 1)Death of an occupant in the vehicle. 2)Severe deformity/intrusion of vehicle. 3)Altered mental status. 4)Ejection from vehicle.
The five types of collisions include...? 1)Frontal 2)Rear-end 3)Lateral 4)Rollover 5)Rotational
Significant falls are falls from ___ times the patient's height. Three
The mechanisms of balst injuries include...? 1)Primary blast injury (blast wave) 2)Secondary blast injury (flying debris) 3)Tertiary blast injury (impact with another object)
On-scene times should be limited to ___ minutes or less. Ten
The major components of patient assessment include...? Scene size up, Primary assessment, History taking, Secondary assessment, Reassessment.
Solid organs include...? Liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys.
Hollow organs include...? Stomach, intestines, and uninary bladder.
The cardiovascular syster circulates blood to all the body's cells and tissues, delivering _____ and nutrients and carrying away metabolic _____. Oxygen. Waste.
Three parts of the cardiovascular system. Heart (pump) Blood vessels (container) Blood and body fluids (fluid)
The ____ is the is largest artery in the body. Aorta
Describe bloodflow through the heart. Infereior/Superior vena cave->right atrium->tricuspid valve->pulmonic semilunar valve->pulmonary atery to the lungs. Oxygenated in the lungs->pulmonary veins->left atrium->bicuspid (mitral) valve->left ventricle->aortic semilunar valve->aorta->body.
What forms blood clots? Platelets.
______ is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue. Perfussion.
How long can the brain and spinal cord avoid injury without perfussion? 4-6 minutes.
After 45 minutes the _____ can sustain damage after inadequate perfussion. Kidneys.
With inadequate perfussion, the _____ ______ will show evidence of damage after two hours. Skeletal system.
Weak, rapid pulse. Low blood pressure. Changes in mental status. Cool, clammy skin. Cyanosis. These are signs and symptoms of what? Hypovolemic shock.
The body will not tolerate an acute blood lossof more than ___%. 20
____ bleeding is brighter red and spuurts with the pulse. Arterial.
____ bleeding is darker red and flows slowly or severely, depending on the size. Venous.
The narrowing of vessels to reduce bleeding is called what? Vasoconstriction.
Coagulation is __________________________________. the forming of a clot, plugging and sealing injured protions of a vessel.
The lask of one or more of the blood clotting factors is called _____. Hemophilia.
_____ is the most common symptom of internal bleeding. Pain.
List the three most common methods for controling external bleeding. Direct, even pressure. Pressure dressing or splint. Tourniquets.
Epistaxis is a _____. Nosebleed.
Vomited blood is called what? Hematemesis.
The ____ is our first line of defense against external forces and infection. It is also the _____ largest organ in the body. Skin, largest.
List the three main layers of the skin. Epidermis. Dermis. Subcutaneous tissue.
The three types of soft-tissue injuries are...? Closed injuries (brusies). Open injuries (abrasions). Burns.
______ _____ is caused when arterial blood flow is compromised. Crushing syndrome.
Compartment syndrome is __________________________. when compressed blood vessels cut off blood flow to the tissue.
Types of open unjuries include...? Abrasions, lacerations, avulsions, amputations, and penetrating wounds.
RICES stands for what? Rest. Ice. Compression. Elevation. Splinting.
Five factors for determining the severity of a burn ...? Depth of burn? Extent of burn? Critical areas? Preexistinng medical conditions or injuries? Younger than 5 or older than 55?
Burn depth is classified into three cetegories, they are what? Superficial (1st degree) Partial-thickness (2nd degree) Full thickness (3rd degree)
Use the ____ __ ____ to determine the amount of surface area that has been burned. Rules of nine.
Thermal burns are caused by ____. Heat.
The most common thermal burns are caused by ____ and ____. Flames, scalds.
Signs and symptoms of edema include ...? Hoarse voice, singed nasal hairs, singed facial hairs, burns of the face, or carbon particles in the sputum.
Three types of ionizing radiation and descriptions. Alpha-Little penetrating engery, easily stopped by skin. Beta-Greater penetrating power, travel faster, can be blocked by protective clothing. Gamma- Very penetrating, easily passes through the body and solid objects.
Occlusive dressing can be made of what? Vaseline gause, aluminum foil, or plastic to prevent air and liquids from entering or exiting the wound.
The six facial bones are ...? Nasal bone, two zygomas, two maxilliae, and the mandible.
Created by: 714372348
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