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Anatomy 2 lab final

QuestionAnswer
What is blood pressure? A force exerted by moving blood onto the walls of blood vessels
What is MAP? Mean Arteriole Pressure
How can you calculate someone’s resting MAP? MAP = 1/3 SBP + 2/3 DBP
Exercise MAP? MAP = 1/2 SBP + 1/2 DBP
What is SVR? Systemic Vascular Resistance(aka Total Parietal Resistance)
What is Stroke Volume? Volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per heart beat (55ml – 110 ml)
How does the flow of blood relate to MAP and the radius of the major blood vessel feeding it? Blood Flow ≈ [MAP] x Radius^4
What is the relationship between MAP and HR, SV, and SVR? MAP = HR x SV x SVR
A healthy subject’s MAP is the same while standing up and while lying supine. Why? Thoracic blood vloume is lower in supine. Stroke Volume is higher in supine. Heart Rate is lower in supine. The changes balance eachother out.
What is the relationship between environmental temperature, HR, and MAP? MAP is lower in hotter conditions. Heart rate is higher in hotter conditions.
What does vasodilation do to SVR? Decreases SVR, Decreases MAP
What does vasoconstriction do to SVR? Increases SVR, Increases MAP
What is a function of the anterior naris? opening into the nasal cavity
What is a function of the cribriform plate? Separates the nasal cavity from the brain
What is a function of the hard and soft palate? Separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity
What is a function of the vestibule? Lined with skin and numerous hair follicles which act as an air filter
What is a function of the 3 three turbinates (superior, middle, and inferior)? Increase air turbulence which heat and filters the air
What is a function of the 3 Meati (superior, middle, and inferior)? Passageways for air through the turbinates
What is a function of the epiglottis? During swallowing, the larynx elevates and the epiglottis folds down to cover it so food does not get lodged
What is a function of the false and true vocal cords? Allows for talking;
What is a function of the thyroid cartilage? The shield-shaped cartilage of the larynx.
What is a function of the cricoid cartilage? a ringlike cartilage forming the lower and back part of the larynx
What is a function of the trachea? Acts as an air passageway, mucus in it moistens the air
What is a function of the right and left bronchus? allows air to travel to the lungs
What is a function of the bronchioles? allows air to travel to the separate aveloar sacs
What is a function of the lungs? organ where gas exchange can occur in the body
What advantage is there in increasing air turbulence inside the nasal cavity? Heats the air (lots of blood flow). Filtration.
What structure(s) are responsible for this? three turbinates (superior, middle, and inferior)
Why can you not swallow and inspire air simultaneously? Epiglottis covers the larynx when swallowing
What structure is responsible for this phenomenon? epiglottis
What would be major consequences if the epiglottis was dysfunctional? Food and other particles would be able to freely pass down into the bronchus causing cessation of breathing
What happens to the diameter of your thoracic cavity during inspiration? Increases
What happens to the diameter of your thoracic cavity during expiration? Decreases
What are 2 skeletal muscle (s) that aid in normal inspiration? Diaphragm and External intercostal
Describe 2 reasons why normal expiration considered a passive process. diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax, intrathoracic air pressure is greater than atmospheric air pressure, molecules move from high to low pressure
What are 2 skeletal muscles that aid in forced expiration? Abdominal and Internal Intercostal
Why should you not expect to see glucose, ketones, and proteins in your urine? Because they should be reabsorbed back into the blood stream
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