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Level 2 Bio Ecology

Describe concepts and processes relating to ecology 90461 key words

QuestionAnswer
Abiotic Features The non living features of an organisms environment.
Abundance how much there is of something.
Adaptation characteristics of organisms that improve their chances of survival.
Biotic Features living features in a habitat or area.
Carry Capacity(K) maximum size of population able to be sustained in an environment.
Community populations of all the species in a particular area that interact.
Competitive Exclusion same as Gause’s Principle
Density population number divided by area of habitat.
Density Dependant the effect depends upon the size of the population.
Density Independant occurs independently of the size of the population.
Ecological Niche the role or way of life of an organisom in its biological community
Ecosystem all the communities and the physical environment in an area.
Environment surroundings of an organism including all the abiotic and biotic factors.
Exponential Growth extreme rapid growth.
Fundamental Niche the tolerance range.
Habitat place where an organism lives.
Limiting Factor environmental constraints that limit the growth of an organism or population.
Mortality death rate.
Natality birth rate.
Population group of organisms of one species.
Population Crash occurs when the density of a population becomes so big that large numbers die in a short period of time.
Realised Niche the optimum range.
Species a classification group made up of a individuals that freely interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
Stratification vertical layers of plant species seen in forests.
Survivorship Curve a graph showing the number of survivors in a populationat various age intervals.
Zonation bands or zones of species distributions seen as a result of a gradient in some environmental factor.
Allelopathy production by a plant of a chemical that inhibits the growth of another species of plant.
Commensalism one member benefits from a relationship, the other is unaffected.
Competition occurs between two individuals/populations when resources become in short supply.
Consumer organisms that obtain their food and nutrients from other organisms.
Decomposer organisms that break down dead plant and animal material.
Detritus feeders animals that have adaptations to feeding no organic debris on/in the substrate.
Energy Pyramid display of the energy value of the biomass of organisms at different trophic levels.
Exploitation relationship in which one organism is harmed and the other benefits.
Food chain group of animals and plants linked together through feeding relationships.
Food web network of food chains.
Interspecific competition competiton between different species
Intraspecific competition competition between members of the same species
Mutualism a relationship between two organisms in which both benefit.
Parasite organisms that live on, and derive their food from, other living organisms.
Parasitism relationship in which one organism (the parasite) lives and feeds off another living organism (the host), so harming it.
Predation act in which animals (predators) kill other animals (prey).
Predator animals that kill and feed on other animals.
Producer plants: organisms that manufacture their own food.
Primary Succession development of a climax (mature) community from bare land that has not been inhabitated before.
Secondary succession development of a mature (climax) community from bare land that has previously been inhabitated
Carbon cycle the exchange of CO2 and O2 between plants and animals and the atmosphere during photosynthesis and respiration.
Microhabitat a very small, specialized habitat such as a clump of grass.
Saprophyte an organism that lives on dead organic matter.
Symbiosis close interaction between different species.
Trophic level position the organism occupies in the food web.
Created by: richardedw
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