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catabolism 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chemiosmotic hypothesis | the hypothesis that a proton and electrochemical gradient are generated by et and then used to perform work |
| Chlorophyll | the green photosynthetic pifment that consists of a tetrapyrrole ring with a central magnesium atom |
| Cyclic photophosphorylation | the formation of atp when light energy is used to move electrons cyclically throung an electron transport chain during photosynethsis |
| Dark reactions | pathways in which photosynthetically derived energy is used to drive co2 fixation |
| Embden Meyerhof pw | a glycolytic pathway that degrades glucose to pyrucate and also generates several precursor metabolites, 4 atp, 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH to ETS, 2 atp used early |
| Amphibolic | bidirectional pw |
| Entner doudoroff pw | a glycolytic pw that converst flucose to pyrucate and glyceraldehydes 3 phosphate, 1 atp used, 1 NADPH, 1 NADH, 2 pyruvates, 2 ATP made by SLP |
| Respiration | uses SLP and OLP, primary carbs, |
| Aerobic respiration | many prokaryotes, most edkaryotes final product are CO2, water and heat, harvest 42 percent of glucose kilocals, modification of flucose into two 3 carbon compounds, pyruvate+NADH pair cost euk 2 ATP for entrance into mito |
| Anaerobic | some prokar, utilize oxidized acceptrors such as nitrate, sulfate or iron oxides |
| ETC | series of redox reactions by electron carriers, transfer of H, elec gradient, AO is coupled to the movement of protons through the ATO synthetase, Prok=38, Eu=36 |
| Fermentation | an evergy yielding process in which an organic molecule is oxidized without an exogemous electron acceptor or participation of an electron transport chain |
| Glycolysis | the conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid, occurs in cytoplasm, occurs regardless of aerobic or anaerobic conditions |
| Light reactions | photochemical events that lead to the synthesis of atp and in some cases the reduction of nadp to nadph |
| Noncyclic photophosphorylation | the process in which light energy is used to make atp and reducing power when electrons are moved from water to nadp during oxygenic photosynthesis |
| Oxidative phophorylation | synthesis of atp from adp using energy made available during et initiated by the oxidation of chemical energy source |
| Oxygenic photosynthesis | photosynthesis that oxidizes water to form oxygen the form of photosynthesis characteristic of plants, protists, and cyanobacteria |
| Pentos phosphate pw | a glycolytic fw that forms reducing power nadph for biosynthesis and several precursor metabolites, aerobic or anaerobically, ribose 5 p>ribulose 5 p>erythrose4 p> NADPH |
| Lphotophosphorylation | the synthesis of atp from adp using energy made avaliabe during et initiated by the absorption of light energy |
| Photosynthesis | the trapping of light energy and its conversion to chemical energy which is then used to reduce co2 and incorporate it into organic molecules |
| Proton motive force pmf | the potential evergy arising from a chemical and charge gradient of protons across a membrane |
| Substrate level phosphorylation | the syn of atp from adp by phosphorylation coupled w the ethat oxidizes water to form oxygen the form of photosynthesis characteristic of plants, protists, and cyanobacteria |
| Pentos phosphate fw | a glycolytic fw that forms reducing power nadph for biosynthesis and several precursor metabolites |
| Lphotophosphorylation | the synthesis of atp from adp using energy made avaliabe during et initiated by the absorption of light energy |
| Photosynthesis | the trapping of light energy and its conversion to chemical energy which is then used to reduce co2 and incorporate it into organic molecules |
| Proton motive force pmf | the potential evergy arising from a chemical and charge gradient of protons across a membrane |
| Tca cycle | the cycle that oxidizes acetyl co a to co2 and generates nadh and fadh for oxidation in the etc, each pyruvate=3 CO2, 1 ATP by SLP, 4 NADH+H, 1 FADH |
| NADH | >3 ATP |
| FADH | 2 ATP |
| Anaplerotic reactions | reactions that replenish depleted tca cycle intermediates, oxaloacetate |
| Assimilatory nitrate reduction | the reduction of nitrate and its incorporation into organic material |
Created by:
wfetner
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