Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
GI
GI pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Exudative tonsillitis pathogen | viruses: most cases |
| Exudative tonsillitis's features | Culture is necessary to differentiate bacterial versus viral infections |
| Hairy leukoplakia pathogen | EBV |
| Hairy leukoplakia features | Glossitis associated /w bilateral white excrescences on lateral border of tongue: pre-aids-defining lesion |
| Herpes labialis's pathogen | HSV type 1 |
| Herpes labialis's features | Recurrent vesicular lesions on the lips (virus remains dormant in cranial sensory ganglia) Reactivated by stress, sunlight, and menses |
| Herpes Labialis's treatment | Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir; topical acyclovir, penciclovir |
| Mumps's pathogen | paramyxovirus |
| Mumps's features | Bilateral parotitis (70%) /w increased serum amylase |
| Mumps's complications | Meningoencephalitis, unilateral orchitis or oophoritis, pancreatitis |
| Herpangin's pathogen | Coxsackievirus |
| Herpangin's features | Occurs in children, Multiple vesicles or ulcers on soft palate and pharynx surrounded by erythema |
| Hand-foot-mouth disease's pathogen | coxsackievirus |
| Cervicofacial actinomycosis's pathogen? | Actinomyces israelii |
| Cervicofacial actinomycosis's features | Draining sinus tract from facial or cervical area "sulfur granules" in pus; contain gram-positive, branching filamentous bacteria; anaerobe. Often follows after extraction of an abscessed tooth |
| Cervicofacial actinomycosis's treatment | ampicillin, penicillin G |
| Diphtheria's pathogen | Corynebacterium diptheriae |
| Diphtheria's features? | Toxin produces "shaggy" gray pseudomembrane in posterior pharynx and upper airways |
| Diphtheria's treatment | erythromycin |
| Peritonsillar abscess's pathogen | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| Peritonsillar abscess's features | Uvula deviates to contralateral side; "hot potato" voice; foul-smelling breath. Complication due to tonsillitis |
| Peritonsillar abscess's treatment | surgical drainage of pus; penicillin G or V; add clindamycin for serious invasive infections |
| Ludwig's angina's pathogen | Aerobic/anaerobic Streptococcus, Eikenella corrodens |
| Ludwig's angina features | Cellulitis involving the submaxillary and sublingual space; follows fascial planes and may spread into pharynx, carotid sheath, superior mediastinum |
| Ludwig's angina causes | Dental extraction (most common), trauma to floor of mouth |
| Ludwig's angina treatment | surgical drainage; clindamycin + metronidazole |
| Pharyngitis's pathogen | S. pyogenes |
| Pharyngitis's features | Associated /w tonsillitis. Potential for acute rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis |
| Pharyngitis's treatment | Penicillin V |
| Scarlet fever's pathogen | S. pyogenes |
| Scarlet fever's features | Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, glossitis. Erythrogenic toxin produces rash on skin and tongue (initially white and then stawberry colored) Increased risk for glomerulonephritis. Nephritogenic strains pose no risk for acute rheumatic fever |
| Scarlet fever's treatment | Penicillin G or V |
| Sialadenitis's pathogen | Staphylococcus auresus |
| Sialadenitis's features | Bacterial inflammation of major salivary gland. Secondary to a calculus, which obstructs the duct in postoperative patients |
| Sialadenitis's treatment | Oxacillin, nafcillin if methicillin susceptible; TMP/SMX if community-acquired methicillin resistant; vancomycin if methicillin resistant in hopital |
| Congenital syphilis' pathogen | Treponema pallidum (spirochetes) |
| Congenital syphilis's features | Abnormalities involving incisors (notched and tapered like a peg) and molar teeth (resemble mulberries) |
| Congenital syphilis's treatment | aqueous crystaline penicillin G |
| Oral thrush's pathogen | Candida albicans (yeast) |
| Oral thrush's features | May occur in neonates, immunocompromised patients (common pre-AIDS-defining lesion), diabetes mellitus, and following antibiotic therapy |
| Oral thrush's treatment | fluconazole, itraconazole |
| Invasive diarrhea characteristics | Pathogens invade enterocytes, low-volume diarrhea. Diarrhea /w blood and leukocytes (i.e., dysentery) |
| Invasive diarrhea causes | Shigella spp., campylobacter jejuni, entamoeba histolytica |
| Invasive diarrhea screening tests | Fecal smear for leukocytes: Positive in most cases. Order stool culture and stool for O&P |
| Secretory Diarrhea characteristics | Loss of isotonic fluid, high-volume diarrhea, Mechanisms: Laxatives, enterotoxins stimulate Cl- channels regulated by cAMP and CGMP, Serotonin increases bowel motility. no inflammation in bowel mucosa |
| Secretory diarrhea causes | Laxatives: danger of melanosis coli (black bowel syndrome) /w use of phenanthracene laxatives. Produciton of enterotoxins: vibrio cholerae, enterotoxigenic E. coli. Increased serotonin: carcinoid syndrome |
| Secretory diarrhea screening tests | Fecal smear for leukocytes: negative. Stool osmotic gap>100 mOsm/kg |
Created by:
schrla
Popular USMLE sets