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Chs 9-10
AP1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Skeletal Muscle | Longest muscle cells, striations,controlled voluntary, responsible for body mobility |
| Cardiac Muscle | occur in heart, muscle cells are striated & involuntary |
| Smooth Muscle ( contraction muscle) | found in walls of hollow viseral organs, job is force fluids & other substances thru internal body channels no striation, involuntary control, organized in sheets |
| 4 important functions muscles perform on body | produce movement, maintain posture,stabilize joints, generate heat. |
| Sarcolemma | cell membrane of a muscle cell, It consists of a true cell membrane, called the plasma membrane & outer coat made up of a thin layer of polysaccharide material that contains numerous thin collagen fibrils. |
| Sarcoplasma | muscle fiber is comparable to the cytoplasm of other cells, but it houses unusually large amounts of glycosomes (granules of stored glycogen) and significant amounts of myoglobin, an oxygen binding protein.the contractions takes place and regulates. |
| Sarcomere | basic unit of a muscle,composed of long, fibrous proteins that slide past each other when the muscles contract and relax. Myosin & Actin |
| Creatin Phosphate | high energy molecule stored in muscles is tapped top regenerate ATP, CP reserves are replenished during periods of inactivity |
| Muscle Fibers common in Marathon runners | high percentage of low oxidative fibers |
| Muscle fibers common in Sprinters | high percentage of fast oxidative fibers |
| Muscle fibers common in weightlifters | appear to have equal amounts of slow & fast oxidative fibers |
| What happens to muscles during aerobic exercise? | changes in skeletal muscles,increase in capillaries around muscle fibers & # mitocondria w/in them.Change is more efficient muscle metabolism & greater strength, endurance & resistance to fatigue |
| Prime Movers | Muscles that provide major force for producing a specific movement. |
| Antagonist | muscles that oppose or reverse a particular movement. |
| Synergist | help prime movers by adding a lil extra force to the same movements or by reducing unnecessary movements |
| Fixator | A muscle that acts as a stabilizer of one part of the body during movement of another part or when synergist immobilize a bone or a muscle organ |
| Linea Alba | is a fibrous structure that runs down the midline of the abdomen in humans and other vertebrates. The name means white line and the linea alba is indeed white, being composed mostly of collagen connective tissue. |
| what do Internal intercostal muscles do? | aid in forced expiration They originate on ribs 2-12 & have their insertions on ribs 1-11. The internal intercostals are responsible for the depression of the ribs decreasing the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. |
| what do external intercostal muscles do? | aid in quiet & forced inhalation. originate on ribs 1-11 & have their insertion on ribs 2-12. The external intercostals are responsible for the elevation of the ribs & expanding the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. |
| what muscles make up the rotator cuff? | Supraspinatus,Infraspinatus, Teres minor,Subscapularis |
| most powerful muscle in the body? | the Quadricep located on the topside of the thigh |
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