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U3 - Brain cont.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Functional brain systems | networks of neurons that function together even though widely scattered in brain; limbic system and reticular formation |
| Limbic system | functional brain system involved w/ emotion & memory; output relatyed through hypothalamus & reticular formation which control visceral responses; accounts for racing heart, hypertension, indigestion in emotional stress for some. |
| Limbic system components | located on medial aspect of each hemisphere and in hypothalamus; amygdala, cingulate gyrus, hippocampus |
| Amygdala, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamic components related to | emotions |
| Hippocampus | largely associated with memories |
| Reticular formation | central core is in brain stem & has extensive connections w/ other parts of brain; largely under direction of hypothalamus, so influences heart rate, blood pressure, other visceral phenomena |
| Reticular activating system (RAS) | aspect of reticular formation; consists of neurons that send stream of impulses from brain stem to cerebral cortex; maintains alert cerebral cortex & consciousness. Anesthesia, alcohol, sleep drugs all suppress it; Severe injury can cause coma. |
| Protection of the Brain | provided by some bones, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, blood-brain barrier |
| Bones of the skull and vertebral column protect | brain and spinal column (are protected by what?) |
| Meninges | three connective tissue membranes that surround/protect brain & spinal cord; outermost to innermost is dura mater, arachnoid/arachnoid mater, pia mater |
| Dura mater | outermost & toughest of meninges; double layered on brain, single layered on spinal cord. |
| Outer periosteal layer of dura mater | attached to internal surfaces of some skull bones |
| Inner meningeal layer of dura mater | actual covering of brain |
| Dural sinuses | blood-filled passages between outer periosteal and inner meningeal layers of dura mater; receive cerebrospinal fluid from subarachnoid space; function as veins b/c receive deoxygenated blood from brain |
| Arachnoid mater | middle meningeal layer |
| Subarachnoid space | lies deep to arachnoid b/t arachnoid and pia mater; surrounds entire CNS. |
| Pia mater | thin, delicate meningeal layer clings directly to brain and spinal cord; innermost layer. |
| Meningitis | an inflammation of the meninges caused by bacterial/viral infection; if spread to brain = encephalitis; diagnosed by CSF sample from subarachnoid space below end of spinal cord (spinal tap/lumbar puncture) |
Created by:
mbtrimm
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