Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Farahnak-LabPractic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| endospore stain | 1) heat-fixed slide 2)cover slide w/bib. paper & apply grn stain 3)steam 7-10 min (keeping the paper moist at all times with stain) then rinse 4)counterstain w/safranin red for 1min then rinse & dry 5)cells w/o spores will be red 6)spore will be gr |
| differential stain | a stain that allow someone to detect differences between organisms or parts of organisms |
| simple stain | stains are attracted to the negatively charged surface of most bacterial cells |
| negative stain | stain is negatively charged so it bounces off of the negatively charged surface of most bacterial cells |
| direct staining | the staining of a cells wall using a positively charged stain that attracts to the cells negatively charged cell wall |
| indirect staining | the staining of the background using a negatively charged stain that repels the negatively charged cell wall |
| why Agar instead of gelatin | 1)it is generally not metabolized by MO's 2)it liquifies at 100 degrees C 3)it solidifies at 40 degrees C |
| colony features | 1)round 2)irregular 3)filamentous 4)rhizoid |
| Margin features | 1)smooth, entire 2)rhizoid 3)irregular 4)lobate 5)filamentous |
| Elevation features | 1)convex 2)umbonate 3)plateau 4)flat 5)raised 6)raised, spreading edge 7)flat, raised on margins 8)growth down into medium |
| growth features-slant | 1)filiform (dense & opaque w/smooth edge) 2)friable (crusty) |
| Growth patterns-broth | 1)pellicle (on surface) 2)sediment (on bottom) 3)uniform turbidity (foggy all over - equally) 4)flocculent (clumps) |
| Selective Media | allows certain types of organisms to grow & inhibits the growth of others. EMB (G-) CNA (G+) MacConkey (G-) MSA (G+) PEA (G-) |
| Differential media | differentiate between closely related organisms or groups of organisms MacConkey (lactose fermentors) EMB (lactose/sucrose fermentors) MSA (halophiles/pH) |
| Enrichment media | contains nutrients to support and encourage growth of MO's |
| Bacterial Culture | a method of controlled multiplying of microbial organisms by letting them produce in media |
| Pure culture | a culture containing a single species of an organism |
| Mixed culture | a culture containing more than one species of organisms |
| normal microbiota | MO's found normally in a human |
| Protozoa locomotion | Flagella Cilia Pseudopods |
| Multicellular Organisms | Algae Animal fungi |
| Unicellular Organisms | Protozoa Bacteria Archaea |
| streak plate | used when you have a mixed culture and want a pure culture. It is used to isolate a PURE colony |
| obligate thermophile | MO that will NOT grow below 40 degrees C |
| facultative thermophile | MO that will grow below 40 degrees C |
| Extreme thermophile | grow best above 80 degrees C but can grow between 65 & 110 degrees |
| cardinal temperature | the Optimum temperature preferred by a MO |
| phychrophiles | only grow below 20 degrees C |
| mesophiles | grow between 15 & 45 degrees C can be pathogenic |
| Thermophiles | grow in temperatures above 40 degrees C |
| Antimicrobial drugs | Natural agents produced by MO's mass produced for treatment of illness |
| Kirby-Bauer Method | anti-microbiotic soaked paper placed on a pathogenic culture plate. After being incubated measure each zone of inhibition to determine which Antimicrobial drug will fight illness |
| Zone of inhibition for Chloramphenicol | R=<12 I=13-17 S= |
| Zone of inhibition for Penicillin | R=<28 S= |
| Zone of inhibition for Streptomycin | R=<11 I=12-14 S= |
| Zone of inhibition for Tetracycline | R=<14 I=15-18 S= |
| UV light | is a kind of electromagnetic energy uses lower wavelength |
| MacConkey Agar | Differential media Allows G- growth P G R - Hot pink to red (glow) growth C - colorless |
| PEA | Phenylethyl Alcohol allows G+ growth P G |
| CNA | Columbia CNA w/ 5% sheep blood Allows G+ growth P G G w/clearing G w/greening G w/no color change |
| EMB | Eosin Methylene Blue Differential media Allow G- growth P G Pi - pink and mucoid D - dark purple to black w/metallic green sheen C - colorless |
| MSA | Mannitol Salt Agar Selective Media isolates staphylococcus aureus P - Poor growth G - Good growth Y - Yellow growth or halo R - Red growth (no halo) |
| MSA - Y | 1)Yellow growth or halo 2)organism produces acid from mannitol fermentation 3)possible pathogenic: Staphylococcus aureus |
| MSA - R | 1)Red growth 2)organism does not ferment mannitol - No Reaction 3)Staphylococcus other than S. aureus |
| PEA - G | 1)organism is NOT inhibited by phenylethyl alcohol 2)probable staphylococcus, streptococcus, enterococcus or lactococcus |
| PEA - P | 1)organism is inhibited by phenylethyl alcohol 2)probable G- organism |
| CNA - P | 1)organism is inhibited by colistin & nalidixic acid 2)probable G- organism |
| CNA - G w/clearing | 1) organism is not inhibited by colistin & naldixic acid 2) completely hemolyzes RBC's 3)probable Beta-hemolic staphylococcus, streptococcus or enterococcus |
| CNA - G w/greening | 1) Organism is NOT inhibited by colistin & nalidixic acid 2)partially hemolyzes RBC's 3)probable alpha hemolytic staphylococcus, streptococcus or enterococcus |
| MSA - P | 1)Organism is inhibited by NaCl 2)Not Staphylococcus |
| MSA - G | 1)organism is NOT inhibited by NaCl 2)staphylococcus |
| CNA - G w/no color | 1)gamma hemolysis 2)organism is not inhibited by colistin & nalidixic 3)does not hemolyze RBC's 4)probable gamma hemolytic staphylococcus, streptococcus or enterococcus |
| EMB - P | 1)organism is inhibited by eosin methylene blue 2)G+ |
| EMB - G | 1)organism is not inhibited by eosin methylene blue 2)G- |
| EMB - P | 1)growth is pink & mucoid 2)organism ferments lactose w/little acid production 3)possible coliform |
| EMB - D | 1)growth is dark purple to black w or w/o green metallic sheen 2)organism ferments lactose &/or sucrose w/acid production 3)probable coliform |
| EMB - C | 1)colorless 2)organism does not ferment lactose or sucrose - NO REACTION 3)noncoliform |
| MacConkey - P | 1)organism is inhibited by crystal violet &/or bile 2)G+ |
| MacConkey - G | 1)organism is NOT inhibited by crystal methylene blue 2)G- |
| MacConkey - R | 1)pink to red growth w/o or w/bile precipitate 2)organism produces acid from lactose fermentation 3)probable coliform |
| MacConkey - C | 1)colorless 2)organism does not ferment lactose - NO REACTION 3)noncoliform |
| Parts of a Microscope | 1)Fine Focus knob 2)Course focus knob 3)illuminator 4)Diaphragm 5)Condenser 6)State 7)objective lens 8)Ocular lens |
| Types of Stain | 1)Simple Stain 2) Differential Stain |
| Simple Stain | 1)has only 1 reagent 2)2 types a)direct Stain b)negative stain |
| Direct Stain | 1)a simple stain 2)stains only bacteria - not background |
| Negative Stain | 1)a simple stain 2)stains only background - not bacteria |
| Differential stain | multiple reagents |
| Steps to make a liquid smear slide | 1)clean slide 2)use aseptic inoculating loop 3)smear around 4)fix to slide w/heat (can use chem too) |
| Steps to make a solid smear slide | 1)clean slide 2)small drop of water 3)use aseptic inoculating loop 4)rub on drop of water 5)mix till faintly milky 6)let air dry |
| purpose of heat fix | 1)prevents enzyme from breaking down cell wall 2)prevents autolysis 3)forces bacteria to attach to slide 4)kills bacteria to allow the stain to penetrate wall |
| simple stain | Start with a new heat fix smear 1) completely cover smear with chosen stain 2)rinse with water 3)blot and let dry 4)MO's will be color of stain |
| Negative Stain | 1)1 drop of acidic stain @ 1 end of slide 2)use aseptic inoculating loop & organisms & stir 3)second clean slide start in middle of slide - drag to end till stain spreads 4)drag to opposite end of slide &let dry 6)MO's will glow like stars |
| gram stain | 1)heat fixed slide 2)crystal violet for 1 min & rinse w/dstld H2O 3)iodine stain for 1 min & rinse w/ dstld H2O 4)decolorize w/95% EToH until clear 5)counterstain w/safranin stain for 1 min & rinse w/distilled H2O & blot 6)G-=red/pink G+=blue/purpl |
| G- cells in Gram Stain | red |
| G+ cells in Gram stain | blue |
| two methods for controlling MO's | 1)Physical 2)Chemical |
| Physical control of MO's | 1)heat 2)radiation |
| Chemical control of MO's | 1)Disinfectants 2)Antibiotics |
| Cardinal Temp | "optimal temp" for MO growth |
| Decontamination | removal of MO to a safe level (soaps and detergents) |
| Sterlization | complete killing of bothe viable and non-viable cells |
| Bactericidal | to kill bacteria |
| Bacteriostatic | to stop bacterial growth |
| Use dilution test | 1)sample of disinfectant 2)aseptic loop bacteria into disinfectant - leave for approx 10 min @ 20 degree C 3)asepticaly loop out sample 4)put in nutrient rich tube overnight a)no growth - disinfectant works b)growth - disinfectant doesn't work |
| Acid-Fast Stain | 1)heat fix slide 2)kinyoun carbolfuchsin stain for 5min & rinse w/dstld H2O 4)decolorize w/acid alcohol 5)counterstain with brilliant green for 1 min & rinse w/dstld H2O 7)blot dry 8)acid-fast cells stain red/purple 9)non acid-fast cells stain green |
| capsule stain | 1)drop of congo red stain to end of clean slide add organism aseptically & stir 2)second clean slide start in middle of slide-drag till stain spreads 3)drag across slide & let dry 4)maneval's stain for 1 min–rinse & blot 5)will see capsules if present |
| Disinfection | Kill MOST MO's but not all inanimate objects - UV light living tissue - antiseptics |
Created by:
mustanglover
Popular Biology sets