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Science Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Type of radiation that is described as an electron emitted from the nucleus. | beta |
| type of radiation that has the greatest amount of penetrating power. | gamma |
| Rutherford used this type of radiation in his experiment. | alpha |
| The number following a chemical symbol in a formula that indicates the number of those atoms present. | subscript |
| Particle in the nucleus of an atom with a positive charge | proton |
| A number on the periodic table that indicates the total number of particles found in the nucleus | atomic mass |
| The center of an atom where nearly all the mass is concentrated | nucleus |
| Structure or particle made up of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded to form a complete unit of a substance | compound |
| This subatomic particle is not located in the nucleus and has a negative charge | electron |
| The number placed in front of chemical symbols and formulas used to balance a chemical equation (Tells how many atoms or molecules of each substance are involved in a reaction.) | coefficient |
| This number on the periodic table tells us the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom | atomic number |
| Type of radiation that has no effect on the atomic mass or atomic number | gamma |
| Type of radiation that increases the atomic number but has no effect on the atomic mass | alpha |
| Subatomic particle found in the nucleus that has no electrical charge | neutron |
| The smallest particle of an element that is still that element | atom |
| Particles with an opposite charge wil exert what force on each other? | attraction |
| What do we call a substance that is made of two or more different elements that are chemically joined. | molecule |
| Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called? | periods |
| When expressing the masses of individual atoms or molecules, what units are used? | amu |
| What do we call the various forms of the same element, each containing a different number of neutrons in the nucleus | isotopes |
| Type of radiation that is described as a helium nucleus | alpha |
| Type of radiation that decreases the atomic mass and atomic number | beta |
| What general collection of elements are brittle, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and have a dull luster | nonmetals |
| Vertical columns on the periodic table are called? | families |
| The outermost electrons are called____electrons | valence |
| The electron cloud is organized into seven of "these". By name they are designated as "K,L,M,N,O,P&Q." | levels |
| An atom with a charge | ion |
| Collection of elements that are malleable, sectile, ductile, generally good conductors of heat and electricity, and are shiny | metals |
| A bond where electrons are shared between two atoms | covalent |
| Type of radiation that is described as a high energy photon | gamma |
| The type of radiation that has the least amount of penetrating power | alpha |
| If an atom has more electrons than protons what is its overall charge? | negative |
| This number refers to the number of electrons that an atom will lose, gain or share in the formation of a chemical bond. Includes a number and a charge sign | oxidation number |
| What general class of elements attract electrons most strongly? | ionic |
| A substance which cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical methods, but can be simplified by a decomposition chemical reaction | compound |
| An atom gains a charge by what two means? | gaining an electron or losing an electron |
| Which general class of elements are said to be electron lenders or losers? | metals |
| Which general class of elements are said to be electron borrowers or takers? | non-metals |
| Non-metals tend to form what type of ions? | negative |
| Metals tend to form what type of ions? | positive |
| What is Avogadro's number? | 6.02 X 10^23 |
| The ability of a metal to be drawn into thin strands of wire is____? | Ductile |
| Chemistry | The science dealing with the structure and compostion of substances, the changes in composition and the ways by which these changes occur |
| Electron Configuration | The number of electrons and their location in the electron cloud |
| Half-Life | The time required for 1/2 of the atoms of a radioactive substance to decay |
| Malliable | Metals ability to be hammered into flat sheets (foil) |
| Sectile | Ability to be cut/"sectioned" with tools |
| Mole | The metric system unit for quantities as counted |
| Exothermic | Heat/Energy is produced/given off |
| Endothermic | Heat/Energy is absorbed/required |
| Activation Energy | The energy required to trigger some chemical reactions |
| Ionic Bond | Electrons transfer from one atom to another, creating oppositely charged atoms called ions |
| Rule | The sum of the oxidation numbers in a compound must equal zero |
| Polyatomic Ion | A group of atoms that collectively behave as a single particle with a charge |
| Precipitate | Insoluble solid that forms as a result of reaction that takes place in a solution |
| Insoluble | Will not dissolve in a given solvent |
Created by:
Thao Co
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