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Science ch.1 Ecology

Ecology vocab words

QuestionAnswer
a living thing organism
an environment that provides the things an organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce habitat
a living part of an organism's habitat biotic factor
a nonliving part of an organism's habitat abiotic factor
the process in which organisms use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food photosynthesis
a group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce species
all members of one species in a particular area population
all the different populations that live together in an area community
the community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving surroundings ecosystem
the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment ecology
an approximation of a number, based on reasonable assumptions estimate
the number of births in a population in a certain amount of time birth rate
the number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time death rate
moving into a population immigration
leaving a population emigration
the number of individuals in an area of a specific size population density
an environmental factor that causes a population to decrease limiting factor
the largest population that an area can support carrying capacity
a process by which characteristics that make an individual better suited to its environment become more common in a species natural selection
a behavior or physical characteristic that allows an organism to live successfully in its environment adaptations
the role of an organism in its habitat, or how it makes its living niche
the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use to same limited resource competition
an interaction in which one organism kills another for food predation
the organism that does the killing in a predation interaction predator
an organism that is killed and eaten by another organism prey
a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species symbiosis
a relationship between two species in which both species benefit mutualism
a relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed commensalism
a relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it parasitism
the organism that benefits by living on or in a host in a parasitism interaction parasite
the organism that a parasite lives in or on a parasitism interaction host
the series of a predictable changes that occur in a community over time succession
the series of changes that occur in an area where no soil or organisms exist primary succession
the first species to populate an area pioneer species
the series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where the soil and organisms still exist secondary succession
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