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Basic Ecology 2
trophic levels, pyramids, tropical rain forests
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Major trophic levels | producers (plants) - primary consumer (eat plants) - secondary consumer (eat primary consumers) - tertiary consumer (eat secondary consumers) |
| shows who eats who, ocean food webs more complex then terrestrial ones, food chain is a simplified version | food web |
| Energy flow in food web | only 10% of the usable energy is transferred (most lost as heat) |
| shows the amount of biomass at levels within an ecosystem | biomass pyramid |
| shows the number of organisms at levels within an ecosystem | numeric pyramid |
| amount of biomass produced per unit time, most productive systems on earth include coral reefs, tropical rainforests, estuaries, marshes; least productive include tundra, desert, open ocean | productivity |
| total amount of energy produced by autotrophs | gross pyramid production |
| gross primary production minus energy used by plants themselves, this is the amount available to primary consumers | net primary production |
| place where an organism lives | habitat |
| role an organism plays within its environment, who it interacts with, etc. | Niche |
| behavior where animals defend an area containing resources | territoriality |
| no two species can occupy the same niche | competitive exclusion principle |
| tropical rainforest characteristics | shallow, nutrient poor soils (most nutrients tied up in biomass – trees, etc), being rapidly destroyed |
| reasons for tropical rainforest destruction | logging, cattle ranching, farming, mining (building roads into forests speeds their decline) |
| Reasons to preserve tropical rainforests | intrinsic value (value in its own right, right to live principle), potential source of medicines, role in climate regulation, economic value |
| solutions to preserve tropical rainforests | ecotourism, give local people a stake in preservation |
| method used to clear tropical forests, cut trees, then burn | Slash and burn agriculture |
| epiphytes | generally plants which get their nutrients from the air and grow on trees but are not parasitic |
Created by:
FHSAPES
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