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Ch 34 part 1
MedSurg 1 Hematologic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| RBC | Erythrocytes |
| WBC | Leukocytes |
| Platelets | Thrombocytes |
| Where does blood formation begin? | Bone Marrow |
| All blood cells begin as: | Stem cells |
| What make up most of the cellular portion of the blood? | RBCs |
| How long does a healthy RBC love for? | 120 days |
| What is the growth factor necessary for the production and regulation of RBC? | Erythropoietin |
| What does erythropoietin do? | It gives the signal to the stem cells to produce RBCs, to replace the ones that have aged and will be destroyed |
| In the fetus erythropoietin is produced by what? | The liver |
| Where is erythropoietin is produced? | The kidneys |
| What is Hypoxia? | Low oxygen content in the blood |
| What is the iron in the RBC required for? | The formation of hemoglobin |
| What gives blood its red color? | hemoglobin |
| Iron allows hemoglobin molecule to: | transport oxygen |
| what is critical to the oxygen-transporting function in the RBC? | Iron |
| What are critical in the fight against inflammation and infection? | WBCs |
| What are the 2 types of WBCs? | Granulocytes and agranulocytes |
| What are the granulocytes? | Neurophils, esinophils, and basophils |
| Approximately 2/3 of all WBCs are? | Neutrophils |
| What is a neutrophils life span? | About 10 hours |
| What increases in number in response to inflammation in the body and defense against bacterial infections? | Neutrophils |
| What responds primarily to allergic reactions? | Esinophils and basophils |
| What are the agranulocytes? | Monocytes and lymphocytes |
| Monocytes are transformed into: | Macrophages |
| What do macrophages do? | They kill bacteria and respond to the presence of foreign materials in the body |
| Where are lymphocytes formed? | In the lymphatic tissue |
| What are lymphocytes needed for? | A healthy immune system |
| What are the 2 types of lymphocytes? | B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes |
| What do B lymphocytes do? | They provide immunity by producing antibodies |
| What do T lymphocytes do? | They provide cellular immunity |
| What are elements in the blood that are necessary for proper blood coagulation? | Platelets |
| What is platelets lifespan? | Approx. 7.5 days |
| Where are platelets manuactured? | The red bone marrow |
| What controls the production of platelets? | Thrombopoietin |
| When an injury is sustained to a blood vessel, platelets move to that site: T/F | True |
| What is thrombopoietin? | A protein manufactured by the liver, the kidney, smooth muscle, and teh bone marrow. |
| The release of thrombopoietin is controlled by : | The number of platelets present in the blood |
| CBC Complete blood count: | Measures the red cell count, white cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and priovides a detailed description of the types of WBCs in the sample |
| What can a CBC indicate? | Anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia; also it can indicate if the levels of any of the types of WBCs are abnormal ( which may indicate leukemia) |
| Leukopenia | Low number of white blood cells |
| Thrombocytopenia | Low levels of platelets in the blood |
| What test may be ordered if iron-deficiencyanemia is suspected? | An iron level (Fe level) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) |
| What kid of test is conducted to determine if a client has a vitamin B12 deficiency? | A Shilling test |
| A sickle cell test is used to identify wether a client has: | Sickle cell disease |
| When a client is suspected of having some type of bone marrow disorder, what type of test is done? | A bone marrow aspiration or biopsy |
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