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Bio 223 S.G. 3

Classification of Tissues Part II

QuestionAnswer
Connective Tissue (CT) Proper Found in all parts of the body. Primarily protect, support, and bind together other tissues of the body.
Characteristics of CT Highly vascularized (except for cartilages, tendons, and ligaments); Multicellular - many types of cells; A great deal of noncellular, nonliving material (matrix) between cells.
Extracellular matrix Nonliving material between the cells. Produced by cells and then extruded; responsible for the strength.
Ground substance Composed of interstital fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. Can be liquid, semisolid, gel-like, or very hard.
Fibroblasts Secretes matrix; present in areolar, dense regular, and dense irregular CT.
Mast cells Large, darkly staining granules in the cytoplasm and releases histanmine. Present in areolar CT.
Adipocytes (fat) cells Closely packed in adipose CT and nucleus is pushed to the side by large fat droplet.
Chondrocytes in lacunae Are mature chondroblasts (which form matrix) and located in hyaline and elastic cartilage and in fibrocartilage.
Osteocytes in lacunae Located in bone tissue.
Mesenchyme CT (Embryonic CT) Description: Contain mesenchymal cells; Function: Gives rise to all other CT types: Function: Primarily in embryo.
Areolar CT Description: loose CT, elastic and collagen fibers; fibroblasts and mast cells; Function: Wraps and cushions organs; Location: Under epithelia of body
Adipose CT Description: loose CT, contain adipocytes; Function: Insulate against heat loss; Location: Around kidney
Reticular CT Description: loose CT, reticular fibers; Function: Form soft internal skeleton for most cell types; Location: Lymphoid organs.
Dense Regular CT Description: dense CT, major cell type is fibroblast; Function: attach muscles to bones or muscles; Location: Tendons
Dense Irregular CT Description: dense CT, irregulary arranged collagen fibers, some elastic fibers, major cell fibroblasts. Function: Provide structural strength. Location: Dermis of skin.
Hyaline Cartilage Description: Amorphous but firm matrix, major cell is chondroblasts. Function: Supports and reinforces. Location: Forms most of embryonic skeleton.
Elastic Cartilage Description: More elastic fibers in matrix, also has chondroblasts. Function: Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility. Location: Supports the external ear.
Fibrocartilage Description: Less firm matrix, thick collagen fibers predominate, has chondroblasts. Function: Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock. Location: Intervertebral disks.
Bone Description: Hard, calcified matrix with many collagen fibers, well vascularized, osteocytes. Function: Supports and protects. Location: Bones.
Blood Description: Red and white blood cells in plasma, no fibers, cells missing nuclei. Function: Transport respiratory gases. Location: Contained within blood vessels.
Nerve cell Description: Neurons are branching cells. Function: Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors. Location: Brain.
Neurons Highly specialized to receive stimuli and to conduct waves of excitation (irritability) , or impulses, to all parts of the body (conductivity).
Cell processes May be quite long, extending from nucleus-containing cell body.
Neuroglia Special support cells that protect, support, and insulate the more delicate neurons.
Three Fibers within CT Collagen, Elastic, and Reticular fibers are components of the matrix. They provide support, with collagen fibers being the most abundant.
Created by: AmericanDame105
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