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AP Biology Macromol.

The stucture and function of macromolecules

QuestionAnswer
Define polymer long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds.
Monomers The repeating units that serve as the building blocks of a polymer
Condensation Reaction When two molecules are joined together by the loss of water
Hydrolysis When a single molecule is broken down into multiple molecules by the addition of water
What are disaccharides? Two monosaccharides joined together by a glycosidic linkage.
Starch The storage polysaccharide of the plants.
Glycogen The storage polysaccharide of animals
What is a fat molecule AKA Triacylglyceral? It is three fatty acid chains joined with ester linkages to glycerol.
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats? Saturated fats are "saturated" with hydrogens. Unsaturated fats are not, because they have one or more double bonds, which prevent hydrogen from bonding there.
A phospholipid has a ______ head and a ______ tail hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
What is made up of two fatty acid tails, a glycerol, phosphate, and choline? A phospholipid
What are steriods? lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings
What protein is responsible for speeding up the rate of reactions without being consumed by the reaction? Catalysts
Amino Acids Organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups
What are the different uses of a protein? Enzymes, Structural, Storage, Transport, Hormonal, Receptor, Contractile and motor, and Defensive
What are polypeptides joined with? Peptide bonds
What are the four levels of protein structure? Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary
What is a nucleotide made up of? Phosphate group, Pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base
Who dicovered that DNA was a double helix? Watson and Crick
Created by: beverly007
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