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Biology 1
Presentation 1-3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reproductive cloning | embroy is implanted in a surrogate mother |
| therapeutic cloning | produce embryonic stem cells |
| embryo | human offspring in initial developmental stage; stages following conception up to the end of the 8th week. |
| blastocyst | embyronic stage |
| homeostasis | in response to changes in external conditions, ex: temp. regulation |
| metabolism | chemical activity that provides nutrient and energy to substain life |
| 3 levels that living things function and interaction at | cellular level, organismal level, population level |
| Emergent properties | new properties emerge as a result of interactions among components at the lower level |
| True of false, all forms of life have DNA as their genetic blue print | True |
| Inductive Reasoning | Study specific cases to discover the general principals |
| Deductive Reasoning | use general principals to explain specific observation |
| theory | set of hypotheses that have been tested many times and not rejected. |
| Where does the emergence of biological function starts at? | at the chemical level; everything an organism is and does depends on chemistry. |
| What are the 4 naturally occurring elements in the human body? | oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen (OCHN) |
| what is matter made up of? | elements |
| Does different elements have different types of atom? | yes |
| what does an atom's nucleus contain? | protons and neutrons |
| How is an atom held together? | by attractions between the positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons |
| how much does a proton weigh? | 1 amu |
| how much does a neutron weigh? | bit more than 1 amu because it is thought of as one proton plus one electron |
| 3 kinds of chemical bonds? | ionic, covalent, hydrogen |
| What's stronger, ionic or covalent bonds? | covalent bonds |
| compound | two or more chemical elements combined in fixed ratios; example is sodium chloride (table salt). Made from ionic bonds |
| molecule | group of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| hydrogen bonds | formed by the attraction betwn partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially neg. atoms like Oxygen, Nitrogen, or Fluorine |
| hydrogen weak or strong? | a single hydrogen bond is weak, but a great # of hydrogen bonds is strong |
| emergent properties of water | cohesion (adhesion), water moderates temp. change, ice floats, good solvent |
| cohesion | attraction of water molecules to other water molecules; surface tension |
| adhesion | attraction of water molecules to other polar molecules; capillary action allowing water to be pulled up a plant |
| why does water resist temp. change? | because the energy put in is first use to break hydrogen bond (which takes a lot of energy) and then the atoms speed up |
| water have high or low heat of vaporization? | HIGH |
| hydrophobic (water-fearing) | nonpolar molecules, do not form hydrogen bond, not soluble |
| ionization | spontaneous ion formation ) |
| does water ionize commonly? | no, because the covalent bonds are so strong |
| pH of blood | 7.39-7.45 |
| buffers | hydrogen ion reservoirs that take up or release H+ as needed |
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