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Cells and Processes2

Glucose absorption

QuestionAnswer
Glucose occurs in which organ? Small intestine
1-4 steps to glucose absorption in the small intestine: 1 Tight junctions divide apical and b-lateral domains 2 Na+ pump sets up gradient 3 Na/glucose symporter (SGLT) uses gradient to actively accumulate glucose above it's gradient 4GLUT, mediates glucose exit across the basolateral membrane via passive di
4-6 steps to glucose absorption in the small intestine 4. Glut mediates diffusion of glucose down conc gradients 5. Na+ exits via basolateral Na+/K+ pump 6. transport of Na+ and glucose induces a PARACELLULAR Cl- and water flux (osmosis)
Oral re hydration therapy: The ability of glucose to enhance absorption of Na+ and Cl- thus water via osmosis
Glucose/galactose mal-absorption syndrome: what is it? What results? Mutation in SGLT (Symporter) Results in accumulation of glucose and galactose in the small intestine. Osmotic imbalance occurs which attracts water and results in diarrhea
What is the treatment for glucose/galactose mal-absorption syndrome: remove glucose/galactose from diet. Use fructose as a carbohydrate instead - fructose uses a facilitative transporter that is specific for fructose
Glucose reabsorption occurs in the: Kidney
Glucose needs to be reabsorbed or it will: Appear in the urine
what is it called when glucose appears in the urine Glucosuria
Why does glucose appear in the urine? Because the transport maximum of the SGLT protein is exceeded
Common cause for glucosuria Diabetes Mellitis because insulin activity is deficient thus glucose accumulates (over 200mg/mL
Transporter kinetics (graph): Glucose will appear in the urine if: Glucose absorption is impaired or the transporter is saturated (transport max is reached)
All filtered glucose is reabsorbed until the renal threshold is reached this threshold is: 200mg/mL plasma
the transport maximum is _____ this reflects the ______ 375mg/min renal threshold
Created by: gwat059
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