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RahRad Path Terms
RahRad Path. terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pathology | the study of structural and functional manifestations of disease |
| Disease | any abnormal disturbance of the function or structure of the human body |
| Sign | An objective manifestation of disease perceptible to the managing physician. |
| Symptom | Any subjective evidence of a disease as perceived by the patient. |
| Lesion | general term used to describe the various types of cellular change that can occur in response to a disease |
| Syndrome | a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a specific abnormal disturbance. |
| Etiology | the study of the cause and origin of disease. |
| Diagnosis | the name of a disease an individual is believed to have. |
| Prognosis | the prediction of course and outcome for a given disease. |
| Idiopathic | having no identifiable causative factor. |
| Pathogenesis | sequence of events producing cellular changes that ultimately lead to observable changes known as manifestation |
| Pathogenicity | the condition or quality of being pathogenic; the ability to cause disease |
| Virulence | the ease with which an organism can overcome body defenses; specifically, the disease-evoking severity of a pathogen. |
| Acute | the quick onset of disease that lasts a short period of time (i.e. pneumonia) |
| Chronic | the slow presentation of disease that lasts a very long time (i.e. multiple sclerosis) |
| Congenital Diseases | present at birth and result from genetic or environmental factors. |
| Hereditary Disease | Diseases caused by developmental disorders genetically transmitted from either parent to child through abnormalities of individual genes in chromosomes |
| Sex-linked inheritance | Genetic abnormality present on one of the two human sex chromosomes |
| Autosomal inheritance | Genetic abnormality present on one of the other 22 human chromosomes |
| Amniocentesis | typically guided by ultrasound, is a standard used (prenatally) to assess presence of certain hereditary disorders |
| Dominant | transmitted by a single gene from either parent |
| Recessive | transmitted by both parents to an offspring |
| Inflammatory Disease | Disease that results from the body’s reaction to a localized injurious agent. |
| Infective | inflammatory disease that results from invasion by microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi) |
| Toxic | inflammatory disease that results from poisoning by biologic substances |
| Allergic | inflammatory disease from an overreaction of the body’s own defense |
| Autoimmune disorders | inflammatory diseases associated with antibodies that normally form to fight foreign antigens (toxic substances, proteins, bacterial particles) but instead form against and injure a patient’s own tissues. These antibodies are called autoantibodies. |
| Debridement | removal of dead cells and materials; cell migration and replication – migration of adjacent cells into the injured area and replication of the cells via mitosis to fill the void in the tissue |
| Degenerative Disease | Over time, functional abilities of tissues decrease because of either of Reduced cell number or The function of each individual cell declines |
| Atherosclerosis | deposits of plaque form in the walls of arteries. Associated with aging |
| Osteoporosis | Demineralization of bone. Associated with aging. |
| Osteoarthritis | Produces gradual deterioration of joint cartilage.Associated with aging |
| Metabolic disease | Diseases caused by a disturbance of the normal physiologic function of the body. (e.g. endocrine disorders). |
| Neoplastic disease | Diseases that result in new, abnormal tissue growth |
| Neoplasm | overgrowth of cells due to the malfunction of mechanisms that control cell growth. Can be benign (non-growing/invasive) or malignant (cancer) |
| Metastasis | the spread of malignant cancer cells |
| Hematogenous spread | cancerous cells invade the circulatory system and spread via blood vessels. |
| Lymphatic spread | spread via lymphatic system |
| Invasion | spread into surrounding tissue due to close proximity. |
| Seeding | cancerous cells travel to distant site or distant organ systems. |
| Carcinoma | benign growth type derived from epithelial tissue. |
| Sarcoma | benign growth that arises from connective tissue. |
| Leukemia | cancer that arises from blood cells. |
| Lymphomas | benign growth that arises from lymphatic cells. |
Created by:
bcmoody
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