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HY Biochem Vitamins
Day 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A pt presents with convulsions and irritability. What vitamin deficiency is causing these symptoms in this patient? | B6 |
| Which vitamin deficiency results in gum bleeding, bruising, anemia, and poor wound healing? | Scurvy (vit C deficiency) |
| Vitamin C is necessary for the hydroxylation of which amino acids in collagen synthesis? | Proline and lysine |
| What vitamin in ecxcess can cause hypercalcemia? | vit D (also vit A) |
| What vitamins have a function similar to reduced glutathione? | vit A, C, E |
| An alcoholic develops a rash, diarrhea, and altered mental status. What is the vitamin deficiency? | B3/niacin |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: increased RBC fragility | E |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: dermatitis, cheilosis, glossitis | B2, B3, B12, folate, iron |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: peripheral neuropathy, angular chilosis, glossitis | B12 |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: hemorrhagic disease | vit K |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: neural tube defects | folic acid |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia | B3/niacin |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: megaloblastic anemia | B12 or folate |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: pernicious anemia | B12 |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: night blindness, Bitot's spots, keratomalacia, xerophthalmia | vit A |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: osteomalacia | vit D |
| What vitamin deficiency matches the following description?: rickets | vit D |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: can be used to treat acne and psoriasis | A (vitamin D treats psoriasis only, not acne) |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: used in oxidation/reduction reactions | B2/riboflavin and B3/niacin |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: used in carboxylation reactions | biotin |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: involved in the hydroxylation of prolyl residues | vit C |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: requires intrinsic factor for absorption | B12 |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: deficiency may result from kidney disease | vit D |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: used by pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase | B1, B2, B3, B5, and lipoic acid |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: given prophylactically to newborns to prevent hemorrhagic disease of newborn | vit K |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: can be used to elevate HDL and lower LDL | B3/niacin |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: deficiency can be caused by isoniazid use | B6 |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: Cobalt is found within this vitamin | B12 (cobalamin) |
| Which vitamin matches the following statement: critical for DNA synthesis | folate/B12 |
| What are the symptoms of zinc deficiency? | poor wound healing |
| WHat enzyme is inhibited by the drug fomepizole? | alcohol dehydrogenase |
| What is the difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus? | Kwashiorkor is protein malnutrition with edema, swollen belly, anemia, and fatty liver. Marasmus is energy malnutritio with tissue and m wasting, loss of subq fat, and variable edema. |
| What vitamins should vegetarians supplement in their diet? | B12 |
| What are the symptoms of vitamin A toxicity? | HA, n/v, stupor, dry skin, hepatomegaly, bone/joint pain, and increase in intracranial pressure |
| What vitamin am I? retinol, retinal | Vit A |
| What vitamin am I? thiamine | B1 |
| What vitamin am I? pantothenic acid | B5 (think of pantene pro-V shampoo) |
| What vitamin am I? niacin | B3 |
| What vitamin am I? ascorbic acid | vit C |
| What vitamin am I? pyridoxine | B6 |
| What vitamin am I? alpha-tocopherol | vit E |
| What vitamin am I? folic acid | B9 (seriously? i've never heard this one...) |
| What vitamin am I? cobalamin | B12 |
| What vitamin am I? riboflavin | B2 |
| What is the MC vitamin deficiency in the US? | Folic deficiency |
| What is the functionally active form of thiamine (B1)? | TPP |
| How is thiamine deficiency diagnosed? | By an increase in erythrocyte transketolase activity observed upon addition of thiamine. |
| What characterizes dry beriberi? | Nonspecific peripheral neuropathy; toe, wrist, and foot drop; and m weakness, hyporeflexia, and areflexia |
| What characterizes wet beriberi? | High output heart failure, peripheral edema, cardiomegaly, peripheral vasodilation |
| What are the two biologically active forms of ribloflavin (B2)? What is the role of these molecules? | FMN, FAD. Both cofactors for oxidation-reduction reactions. |
| What are the biologically active forms of niacin (B3)? What is the role of these molecules? | NAD+, NADP+. Both are cofactors for oxidation-reduction rxns. |
| Which amino acid is req'd for the generation of niacin? | Tryptophan |
| What disease is caused by niacin deficiency? What are the symptoms of this disease? | Pellagra. Diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis (and possibly death). |
| Why might pellagra be seen in a population that eats primarily corn | B/c corn has no tryptophan and tryptophan can be metabolized to form niacin. |
| What is the biologically active form of B6? | Pyridoxal phosphate |
| ________ is a conenzyme for numerous enzymes including thos of amino acid metabolism (transaminations and deaminations). | Pyridoxal phosphate (B6) |
| What drug can lead to a deficiency in B6 as well as B3? | Isoniazid (TB drug) |
| What are the classic findings of a B6 deficiency? | Convulsions, hyperirritability, and peripheral neuropathy |
| What is the biolgically active form of folic acid? | tetrahydrofolate |
| Name 3 characteristics of folic acid deficiency. | 1. Neural tube defects 2. Growth failure 3. Megaloblastic anemia |
| What type of reactions does biotin participate in? | Carboxylation rxns (buy a tin of CO2) |
| Overconsumption of what food is linked to biotin deficiency? | Egg whites which contain avidin. Avidin prevents absorption of biotin. |
| True or false: Lack of vitamin A in pregnant women has the potential for causing congenital malformations. | False! Excess vitamin A acts as a teratogen (think of accutane). |
| What vitamin is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer in smokers? | Vit A |
| What is vitamin D deficiency called in adults? in kids? | Adults= osteomalacia. Kids= rickets. |
| For what protein synthesis is vitamin K dependent upon? | Proteins C and S, prothrombin, and clotting factors 2, 7, 9, and 10 |
Created by:
sarah3148
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