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Blk 4 Psych Terms
Psych Terminology for Block 4 Nursing at GWCC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Affect | Generally refers to a patient's facial expression - eg. flat, blunted, broad, constricted, sad, tearful, tense, etc. |
| Anergia | lack of energy |
| anhedonia | Inability or decreased ability to experience pleasure, joy, intimacy and closeness. A common symptom of depressive disorders. |
| apathy | lack of feelings, emotions, interests or concern |
| behavior | any observable, recordable and measurable act, movement or response. |
| behavioral health | a term used to describe both mental health and addiction services. |
| circumstantial | thought and speech of a person associated with excessive and unnecessary detail that is usually relevant to a question; an answer is eventually provided. |
| cognition | the mental process characterized by knowing, thinking, learning adn judging. |
| commitment | Involuntary admission in which the request for hospitalization did not originate with the patient |
| compulsion | a recurring, irresistible impulse to perform some act. |
| concreteness | use of specific terminology rather than abstractions in the discussion of the patient's feelings, experiences and behavior |
| confabulation | a confused person's tendency to make up a response to a question when he or she cannot remember the answer |
| congruence/incongruence | how well a patient's state mood fits with his observable affect |
| coping mechanism | any effort directed at stress management. It can be problem, cognitive or emotion focused. |
| defense mechanisms | coping mechanisms of the ego that attempt to protect the person from feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness and prevent awareness of anxiety. They are primarily unconscious. |
| delirium | Medical diagnostic term that describes an organic mental disorder characterized by a cluster of cognitive impairments with an acute onset and the identification of a specific precipitating stressor (ie medical problem) |
| delusion | a fixed, false belief that is firmly maintained even though it is not shared by others and is contraindicated by social reality. |
| dementia | Medical diagnostic term that describes an organic mental disorder characterized by cognitive impairment. |
| dual diagnosis | simultaneous occurence of a mental illness and a substance abuse disorder |
| dysphoria | low mood |
| dysthymia | a milder form of depression lasting 2 or more years |
| electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | Artificial induction of a grand mal seizure by passing a controlled electrical current through electrodes applied to the patient's head. |
| euphoria | highly elevated mood often associated with mania |
| euthymia | a "normal" mood - the midpoint between dysphoria and euphoria |
| Extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS) | A variety of signs and symptoms, including muscular rigidity, tremors, drooling, shuffling gait, restlessness, peculiar involuntary postures, and many other neurological disturbances. Often a side-effect of antipsychotic medications. |
| grief | a person's subjective response to the loss of a person, object or concept that is highly valued. |
| hallucination | perceptual distortion arising from any of the 5 senses |
| hypomania | a clinical syndrome that is similar to, but less sever than, that described by the term mania or manic episode. |
| ideas of reference | incorrect interpretation of casual incidents and exteral events as having direct personal references. |
| illusions | false perceptions of or false responses to a sensory stimulus |
| insight | The patient's understanding of the nature of the problem or illness. |
| intellectualization | excessive reasoning or logic used to avoid experiencing disturbing feelings |
| lability | rapid changes in mood |
| limit setting | nonpunitive, non-manipulative act in which the patient is told what behavior is acceptable, what is not acceptable, and the consequences of behaving unacceptably. |
| loose associations | lack of logical relationship between thoughts and ideas that renders speech and thought inexact, vague, diffuse and unfocused |
| magical thinking | belief that thinking equates with doing, characterized by lack of realistic understanding of cause and effect |
| malingering | deliberate feigning of an illness |
| mania | a condition characterized by a mood that is elevated, expansive or irritable. It is a component of bipolar illness. |
| mood | the patient's self-report of prevailing emotional state |
| neologisms | new word or words created by the patient; often a blend of other words. |
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome | a potentially fatal side-effect of antipsychotic medications |
| neurotransmitters | chemical messengers of the nervous system, manufactured in one neuron, released from the axon into the synapse, received by the dendrite of the next neuron. |
| obsession | an idea, emotion, or impulse that repetitively and insistently forces itself into consciousness; unwanted, but cannot be voluntarily excluded from consciousness |
| panic | a state of extreme anxiety that involves the disorganization of the personality and results in an inability to function. |
| perseveration | involuntary, excessive continuation or repetition of a single response, idea or activity |
| phobia | a morbid fear associated with extreme anxiety |
| polypharmacy | use of a combination of psychoactive drugs in a patient at the same time without determining whether one drug by itself is effective; can cause drug interactions and may increase the incidence of adverse reactions |
| projection | attributing one's own thoughts or impulses to another person |
| psychosis | a category of mental health problems that are distinguished by gross impairment in reality testing |
| recovery | the consumer-centered rehabilitation philosophy that is characterized by awareness of mental illness and substance abuse as illnesses and what is needed to recover; management of one's own mental health; interconnectedness with others;& client advocacy. |
| regression | a retreat in the face of stress to behavior that is characteristic of an earlier developmental level |
| rehabilitation | the process of enabling a mentally ill person to return to the highest possible level of functioning |
| relapse | return of symptoms; also referred to as decompensation |
| repression | involuntary exclusion of a painful or conflictual thought, impulse or memory from awareness |
| resistance | attempt of the patient to remain unaware of anxiety-producing aspects within the self |
| seclusion | separating the patient from others in a safe, contained environment with minimal stimulation |
| secondary gain | a related benefit that a patient experiences as the result of one's illness |
| self-ideal | the person's perception of how he or she should behave on the basis of certain personal standards |
| somatization disorder | a disorder characterized by multiple physical complaints with no evidence of organic impairment |
| suppression | a process that in which a person consciously excludes anxiety-producing thoughts, feelings or memories |
| tangential | thought and speech of a person that strays markedly from the original discussion, yet is in some manner related to the original discussion ("touches on" a topic or word within the discussion) |
| therapeutic milieu | the controlled environment of treatment facilities in which patients are provided with a safe, stable, coherent, therapeutic environment |
| thought blocking | sudden stopping in the train of thought or int he midst of a sentence. Often a symptom of psychosis |
| thought broadcasting | the belief that one's thoughts are being aired to the outside world |
| thought insertion | the belief that one's thoughts are being placed into one's mind by outside people or influences |
| word salad | series of words that seem totally unrelated. |
| self-awareness | the ability for the nurse to examine his/her personal feelings, beliefs, behaviors, reactions, prejudices and past experiences |
| genuineness | a quality of the nurse characterized by openness, honesty, sincerity and authenticity |
| respect | regarding all patients with a deep sense of worth, value and unconditional positive regard |
| empathy | the ability to view the patient's world from his or her internal frame of reference |
| trust | a core element of the therapeutic relationship; builds over a period of time; patients may lose trust in others due to past experiences or paranoia |
| presence | the active, respectful, watchful, compassionate experience of being with a person in a state of empathy and positive regard |
| transference | unconscious response of patients in which they experience feelings and attitudes toward the nurse that were originally associated with significant figures in early life. |
| Counter-transference | when a nurse experiences transference |
| self-disclosure | revelation that occurs when a person reveals information about self, ideas, values, feelings and attitudes. The psychiatric nurse must practice selective self-disclosure in order to establish and develop therapeutic relationships |
| boundary violation | when a nurse goes outside teh limits of the therapeutic relationship and establishes a social, economic, or personal relationship with the patient |
| narcissism | Self-preoccupation and lack of empathy for others; self-centered, self-involved, self-important; normal in children not adults |
| Flight of ideas | a continuous flow of speech marked by jumping from topic to topic |
| Psychomotor agitation | Constant involvement in some tension-relieveing activity, such as constantly pacing, biting nails, smoking, tapping fingers; increased, purposeless, repetitive activity performed with a sense of urgency |
| Vegetative Signs | alterations in body processes necessary to support life and growth |
| Delirium | a disturbance of consciousness and a change in congnition that develops over a short period of time |
| Dementia | Progressive deterioration of cognitive functioning and global impairment of intellect with no change in consciousness. |
| agraphia | inability to read or write |
| hyperorality | the need to taste, chew and put everything in one's mouth |
| hypermetamorphasis | manifested by touching everything in one's sight |
Created by:
bonjoy
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