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IV Therapy CH 5 Term
Infusion equipment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cannula | A flexible tube that may be inserted into a duct, cavity, or blood vessel to deliver meds or drain fluid. It may be guided by a sharp, pointed instrument (stylet). |
| Catheter (intravenous) | A cannula inserted into a vein to administer fluids or medications or to measure pressure. |
| Check valve | A device that funtions to prevent retrograde solution flow; also called a backcheck value. |
| Coring | Visible, as well as microscopic, particles of rubber bung displaced by the spike during piercing of the glass container or needle during access of implanted vascular access devices. |
| Drop Chamber | Area of the intravenous administration set usually found under the spike where the solution drips and collects before running through the I.V. tubing. |
| Drop factor | The bunber of drops needed to deliver 1 mL of fluid. |
| Elastomeric pump | A portable infusion device with a baloon made of soft rubberized material capable of being inflated to a predetermined volume. |
| Electronic Infusion device | An automated system of introducing a fluid into a vein. The device may have programmable settings that control the amount of fluid t be infused, rate, low-volume notification level an keep-vein-open rate. |
| Filter | A special porous device used for eliminating certain elements as in particles of a certain size in a sloution. |
| Guage | Size ofcannula opening-a standard of measurement. |
| Hub | Female connection point of an I.V. cannula where thetubing or other equipment attaches. |
| Implanted port | A catheter surgically placed into a vessel or body cavity and attached to a reservoir. |
| Infusate | Any liquid introduced into the body. |
| Locking device | A capped resealable diaphragm that may have Luer-Lock or Luer-Slip connection. This diaphragm can be accessed multiple times, also called PRN device or saline lock. |
| Lumen | The space within a tubular structure, such as an arter, vein, or catheter |
| Macrodrop | In I.V. therapy, an administration set that is used to deliver measured amounts of I.V. solutions at a specific flow rate based on the size of the drops of the solution. |
| Microaggregate | Microscopic collection of particles, such as platelets, leukocytes, and fibrin that can exist in stored blood. |
| Microdrop | In I.V. therapy, an administration set that delivers small amounts of I.V. solutions. Drop factor of 60 drops/mL |
| Midline | Peripherally inserted ctheter with the tp terminating in the proximal portion of the extremity, usually 6 inches in length. |
| Multichannel pump | Electronic infusion device that delivers multiple drug or solutions simutaneously or intermittently from bags, bottles, or syringes |
| Needlless system | A system for administering intravenous solutions that permits intravascular access without the necessity of handling a needle. |
| Over the needle catheter | A flexible tube that enables passage of fluid from or into a blood vessel. Consists of needle with a catheter sheath. |
| Patient controlled anagesia (PCA) | a drug delivery system that dispenses a preset intravascular dose of a narcotic analgesic ewhen the pt pushes a switch on an electric cord. |
| Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) | Long (20-24 in.) I.V. access device made of a soft flexible material inserted into one of the superior vena cava. |
| Port | Port of entry |
| Primary administration set | Device used for delivery of large volume parenterals. |
| Psi | Pounds per square inch: a measurement of pressure: 1 psi equals 50mm Hg or 68 cm H2o |
| Radiopaque | Material used in I.V. catheter that can be identified by radiographic exam. |
| Rubber bung | Stopper of glass container composed of numerous substances including rubber, chemical particles, and cellulose fibers. |
| Secondary administration set | Administration set that has short tubing used for delivery of 50 to 150mL of infusion attached to primary administration set for intermittent of meds or solution. |
| Stylet | Needle or guide that is found inside a catheter used for vein penetration. |
| Syringe pump | Piston driven pumps that provide precise infusion by controlling the rate of drve speed and syringe size. |
| Tunneled catheter | A catheter designed to have a portion lie within a subcutaneous passage before exiting the body. |
| Infusion delivery systems | glass and plastic |
| Nitroglycerin (glass bottle) set | dark color, non-PVC tubing |
| Taxol sets | polyethylene-lined set |
| tagaderm (“StatLock”) | to prevent the port from moving – need to change if changing sites of IV |
| J-Loop | keep vein open until time to start IV |
| Filters - 170 microns | to remove most debris from blood |
| Filters 0.5 – 1.2 microns | remove most particulate matter but does not remove fungi or bacteria |
| Filters 0.45 micron | remove fungi and bacteria |
| Filters 0.2 micron | remove all fungi and bacteria - debris in blood – clots, dead cells, fibrin |
| 0.22 micron membrabe filter | considered a bacterial/particulate retentive, air-eliminating filter and is recommended for use to decrease the potential of air emboli, reduce the risk of phlebitis, and prevent bacteria contamination |
| Scalp vein | (in an infant): steel needles will remain in the skin Used short term |
| Color coding on catheters | the size of IV should depend on the issue of the pt not on their attitude (a jerk) blue – 22 gauge – adults with poor vein circulation (elderly, chemo pt, long standing diabetic, large children) Yellow – 24 guage – peds and neonates Pink – 20 gauge – s |
| Midline catheters | need a certificate to put in midlines – pts on homecare; Placed in antecubital region in basilic, cephalic, or median site and advanced into larger vessel Radiologic confirmation recommended |
| Central Infusion Devices | Short term central catheters Long term central catheters Sterile procedure |
| Short term central catheters | Peripherally inserted central catheters (AKA PICCs) Non-tunneled catheters Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) go all the way into a central vein to the heart– pts w/ poor veins or chemo pts |
| Long term central catheters | Tunneled catheters Implanted ports |
| short term non-tunneled caths | Used for up to 10 days Final tip location in SVC (sub vena cava) Multiple lumen Inserted through subclavian or external or internal jugular; femoral insertions are discouraged |
| Tunneled-Cuffed Central Catheters (CVTCs) | Dacron cuff near the subcutaneous exit site anchors in place, acts as a securing device and antimicrobial barrier Surgically inserted through percutaneous cutdown – inserted by an MD – slices open the vein it's going into and places the cuff under the s |
| Mechanical gravity devices | attached to the primary administration site – dial to the rate you want |
| Electronic infusion devices (EIDs) called a pump | From 1 – 999 mL/hour Nurses must know: indications for use, mechanical operation of pump, troubleshooting of pump, psi rating, and safe usage guidelines NOTE: 1 psi and 50 mm Hg exert same amount of pressure Pumps average 10 psi with up to 15 psi cons |
Created by:
MarieG
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