The geologic principle that the saame geologic processes that operate today operated in the past to change the Earth's surface.

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil.

The chemical and physical processes that break down rock and other substances.

mechanical weathering

the type of weathering in which a rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.

The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.

The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind.

Process that splits rocks when water seeps into the cracks, then freezes and expands.

A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust.

Characteristic of a material that contains connected air spaces, or pores, that water can seep through easily.

Dar-colored organic material in soil.

A measure of how well soil supports plant growth.

Rich, fertile soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand and silt.

An organism that breaks the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digests them with chemicals.

The management of soil to limit its destruction.

The planting of different crops in a field each year to maintain the soil's fertility.

Plowing fields along the curves of a slope to prevent soil loss.

The loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow.

animal actions (mechanical weathering)

Animals that burrow in the ground- including moles, gophers, pairie dogs, and some insects - loosen and break apart rocks in the soil.

freezing and thawing (mechanical weathering)

When water freezes in a crack in rocks, it expands and makes the crack bigger. The process of frost wedging also widens cracks in sidewalks and causes potholes in streets.

Plant growth (mechanical weathering)

Plant roots enter cracks in rocks. As roots grows, they force the cracks apart. Over time, the roots of even small plants can pry apart cracked rocks.

release of pressure (mechanical weathering)

An erosion removes material from the surface of a mass of rock, pressure causes the outside of the rock to crack and flake off like the layers of an onion.

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DAY-Sci.2.1-3

Question	Answer
uniformitarianism	The geologic principle that the saame geologic processes that operate today operated in the past to change the Earth's surface.
erosion	The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil.
weathering	The chemical and physical processes that break down rock and other substances.
mechanical weathering	the type of weathering in which a rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.
chemical weathering	The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.
abrasion	The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind.
frost wedging	Process that splits rocks when water seeps into the cracks, then freezes and expands.
oxidation	A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust.
permeable	Characteristic of a material that contains connected air spaces, or pores, that water can seep through easily.
humus	Dar-colored organic material in soil.
fertility	A measure of how well soil supports plant growth.
loam	Rich, fertile soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand and silt.
decomposer	An organism that breaks the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digests them with chemicals.
soil conservation	The management of soil to limit its destruction.
crop rotation	The planting of different crops in a field each year to maintain the soil's fertility.
contour plowing	Plowing fields along the curves of a slope to prevent soil loss.
soil	The loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow.
animal actions (mechanical weathering)	Animals that burrow in the ground- including moles, gophers, pairie dogs, and some insects - loosen and break apart rocks in the soil.
freezing and thawing (mechanical weathering)	When water freezes in a crack in rocks, it expands and makes the crack bigger. The process of frost wedging also widens cracks in sidewalks and causes potholes in streets.
Plant growth (mechanical weathering)	Plant roots enter cracks in rocks. As roots grows, they force the cracks apart. Over time, the roots of even small plants can pry apart cracked rocks.
release of pressure (mechanical weathering)	An erosion removes material from the surface of a mass of rock, pressure causes the outside of the rock to crack and flake off like the layers of an onion.

Created by: Mrs. Day

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