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Microbio Ch4

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

QuestionAnswer
Prokaryote No organelles/peptidoglycan cell walls if bacteria/Binary fission (clone)
Eukaryote Organelles/polysaccharide cell walls/mitotic spindle
Prokaryotic cell shapes Bacillus(rod)/Coccus(spherical)/Spiral
Prokaryotic cell arrangements Pairs:Diplo/Clusters:Staph/Chains:Strep
Glycocalyx Outside cell wall/sticky/capsule:neatly organized/slime layer: unorganized & loose/extracellular polysaccharide allows cell to attach/capsule prevents phagocytosis.
Flagella Outside cell wall/made of chains of flagellin/attached to a protein hook/anchored to the wall & membrane by the basal body.
Axial Filaments In Spirochetes. Rotation causes cell to move.
Fimbriae Allow attachment
Pili Facilitate transfer of DNA from one cell to another
Cell wall Prevents osmotic lysis (cell rupture).
Gram-Positive Cell wall Thick peptidoglycan/teichoic acids/Stains dark blue
Gram-Negative Cell wall Thin peptidoglycan/outer membrane/periplasmic space/Stains pink or red.
Simple diffusion Movement of solute from an area of high to low concentration.
Facilitated diffusion Needs transporter protein.
Osmosis Movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.
Hypotonic More solute in the cell. Water moves into cell and bursts.
Hypertonic More solute outside cell. Water moves out of the cell causing it to shrink.
Created by: nadiapr
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