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Pharm 2
Antidotes and Common side effects
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acetaminophen | N-acetylcysteine |
| Salicylates | NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine) Dialysis |
| Amphetamines (basic) | NH4Cl (acidify urine) |
| Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, Organophosphates | Atropine, pralidoxime |
| Antimuscarinics, anticholinergics | Physostigmine salicylate |
| Beta blockers | Glucagon |
| Digitalis | Stop dig, normalize K+, lidocaine, Mg2+, anti-dig Fab fragments |
| Iron | Deferoxamine |
| Lead | CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine |
| Mercury, arsenic, gold | Dimercaptrol, succimer |
| Copper, arsenic, gold | penicillamine |
| Cyanide | Nitrate, hydroxocobalamin,thiosulfate |
| Methemoglobin | Methyline blue, Vit C |
| CO | 100% O2, hyperbaric O2 |
| Methanol, ethylene glycol | ethanol, dialysis, fomepizole |
| Opioids | Naloxone/naltrexone |
| Benzodiazepines | Flumazenil |
| TCAs | NaHCO3 (serum alkalinization) |
| Heparin | Protamine sulfate |
| Warfarin | Vit K, FFP |
| tPA, streptokinase | Aminocaproic acid |
| Theophylline | Beta blocker |
| Atropine-like SEs | TCAs |
| Coronary vasospasm | Cocaine, sumitriptan |
| Cutaneous flushing | Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca blockers |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), Daunorubicin |
| Torsades de pointes | Class II AAs, Class IA AAs, cisapride |
| Agranulocytosis | Clozapine, carbamazapine, colchicine, propylthiouracil, methimazole, dapsone |
| Aplastic anemia | Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil, methimazole |
| Direct Coombs-positive hemoyltic anemia | Methyldopa |
| Gray baby syndrome | Chloramphenicol |
| Hemolysis in G6PD deficient | Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin |
| Megaloblastic anemia | Phenytoin, MTX, Sulfa drugs |
| Thrombotic complications | OCPs |
| Cough | ACE inhibitors |
| Pulmonary fibrosis | Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan |
| Acute cholestatic hepatitis | Macrolides (Erythromycin) |
| Focal to massive hepatic necrosis | Halothane, valproic acid, acetaminophen, Amantia phalloides |
| Hepatitis | Isoniazid |
| Pseudomembranous colitis | Clindamycin, ampicillin |
| Adrenocortical insufficiency | Glucocorticoid w/d |
| Gynecomastia | Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimetidine, chronic Alcohol, Ketoconazole, estrogens Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers |
| Hot flashes | Tamoxifen, clomiphene |
| Hypothyroidism | Lithium, amiodarone |
| Gingival hyperplasia | Phenytoid |
| Gout | Furosemide, thiazides |
| Osteoporosis | Corticosteroids, heparin |
| Photosensitivity | Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline |
| Rash | Ethosuximide, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenobarbitol, phenytoid, sulfa drugs, penicillin, allopurinol |
| SLE-like symptoms | Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Phenytoin |
| Tendonitis, Achilles rupture | Fluroquinolones |
| Fanconi's syndrome | Expired tetracyclines |
| Interstitial nephritis | Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide |
| Hemorrhagic cystitis | Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide |
| Diabetes insipidus | Lithium, demeclocycline |
| Parkinson-like syndrome | Haloperidol, chlorpromazine, reserpine, metoclopramide |
| Seizures | Bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, isoniazid |
| Tardive dyskinesis | Antipsychotics |
| Nephrotoxicity/Neurotoxicity | Polymyxins |
| Nephrotoxicity/Ototoxicity | Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin |
Created by:
zacharykr
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