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Ecology (LS) Unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abiotic factor | nonliving things in the environment |
| biosphere | the part of Earth where life exists |
| biotic factor | living things in the environment |
| consumer | organism that cannot make its own food |
| community | all of the living things in a given area |
| ecology | study of the relationships and interactions of living things with one another and their environment |
| ecosystem | all of the living and nonliving things in a given area of study |
| habitat | place where an organism lives |
| population | group of the same type of organisms or species within a community |
| producer | an organism that can make their own food |
| Levels of organization from the broadest to the most specific | biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, individual organism |
| Identify the community in an ocean ecosystem | whales, fish, coral, plankton, bacteria, kelp, octopus, dolphin, jellyfish |
| Identify a population in an ocean ecosystem | a group of dolphins |
| Identify an individual organism in an ocean ecosystem | one dolphin |
| Identify biotic factors in an ocean ecosystem | whales, fish, coral, plankton, bacteria, kelp, octopus, dolphin, jellyfish |
| Identify abiotic factors in an ocean ecosystem | water, temperature, amount of sunlight, current, tide, amount of oxygen, pollution |
| What provides energy to all living things (directly or indirectly)? | the sun |
| herbivore | organism that eats plants |
| example of a herbivore | cow |
| carnivore | organism that eats meat |
| example of a carnivore | lion |
| omnivore | organism that eats both meat and plants |
| example of an omnivore | bear |
| scavenger | organism that eats dead meat |
| example of a scavenger | vulture |
| decomposer | organism that eats dead matter |
| examples of decomposers | bacteria, fungi, insects, worms |
| What happens when to the amount of energy as you move from the base to the top of an energy pyramid? | energy decreases |
| food chain | series of events in which food and energy are transferred from one organism to another |
| What is the first link of energy food chain? | a producer |
| What happens to the amount of energy as you move from the first link to the last link? | energy decreases |
| food web | represents all of the feeding patters (overlapping food chains) in an ecosystem |
| carrying capacity | maximum number of organisms an enironment can support |
| examples of limiting facotrs | amount of food, water, space, shelter |
| niche | unique role that an organisms has in its environment |
| What does a niche include? | everything an organism does & needs in its enironment (habitat, food chain) |
| competition | struggle among organisms for the same resources |
| predation | catching and killing of other organisms |
| symbiosis | close partnership in which at least one organisms benefits |
| coevolution | organisms evolving together |
| commensalism | type of symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected |
| mutualism | type of symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit |
| parasitism | type of symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed |
| What special adaptations can predators or prey have to help them survive? | camophlage, chemical defense, speed |
| 4 phases of the water cycle | condensation, evaporation, precipitation, transpiration |
| 4 phases of the carbon cycle | photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combusion |
| nitrogen fixation | changing of nitrogen in a form that plants can use, completed by bacteria and lightening |
| ecological succession | the replacement of one type of community by another over a period of time |
| pioneer species | first organisms to appear in uninhabited area |
| primary succession | type of ecological succession that takes place where life did not exist before |
| secondary succession | type of ecological succession that takes place where life did exist |
Created by:
jmebuckley
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